Q1. Which of the following is without exception in angiosperms?
[2002]
Correct Answer: (b)
Double fertilisation is characteristic of all angiosperms.
Double fertilisation is characteristic of all angiosperms.
Q2. Pteridophytes differ from mosses/bryophytes in possessing
[1993]
Correct Answer: (b)
Well developed vascular system is present in the members of Pteridophytes but absent in mosses.
Well developed vascular system is present in the members of Pteridophytes but absent in mosses.
Q3. Which one is the most advanced from evolutionary point of view
[1993]
Correct Answer: (d)
Pinus is a conifer, a member of gymnosperm which has well developed conducting tissue and presence of seed.
Pinus is a conifer, a member of gymnosperm which has well developed conducting tissue and presence of seed.
Q4. Turpentine is obtained from
[1992]
Correct Answer: (c)
Turpentine is extracted from the wood (xylem) of Pinus (Gymnosperm).
Turpentine is extracted from the wood (xylem) of Pinus (Gymnosperm).
Q5. Sexual reproduction in Spirogyra is an advanced feature because it shows
[2003]
Correct Answer: (a)
Sexual reproduction in Spirogyra occurs by conjugation. The fusing gametes are similar but one is more active and passes onto the other cell. This differentiation of gametes is called physiological anisogamy.
Sexual reproduction in Spirogyra occurs by conjugation. The fusing gametes are similar but one is more active and passes onto the other cell. This differentiation of gametes is called physiological anisogamy.
Q6. The common mode of sexual reproduction in Chlamydomonas is
[1991]
Correct Answer: (a)
Most common mode is isogamy.
Most common mode is isogamy.
Q7. Conifers differ from grasses in the
[2006]
Correct Answer: (c)
Conifers (Gymnosperms) differ from grasses (angiosperms) because in gymnosperms the female gametophyte is actually endosperm which is made before fertilisation (haploid).
Conifers (Gymnosperms) differ from grasses (angiosperms) because in gymnosperms the female gametophyte is actually endosperm which is made before fertilisation (haploid).
Q8. Which of the following pairs is of unicellular algae?
[2020]
Correct Answer: (c)
Chlorella and Spirulina are unicellular algae. Gelidium, Gracilaria, Laminaria and Sargassum are multicellular. Volvox is colonial.
Chlorella and Spirulina are unicellular algae. Gelidium, Gracilaria, Laminaria and Sargassum are multicellular. Volvox is colonial.
Q9. Which one of the following is a correct statement?
[2012]
Correct Answer: (d)
Origin of seed habit started in pteridophyte Selaginella.
Origin of seed habit started in pteridophyte Selaginella.
Q10. Sexual reproduction involving fusion of two cells in Chlamydomonas is
[1988]
Correct Answer: (a)
Isogamy refers to a form of sexual reproduction involving gametes of the same size.
Isogamy refers to a form of sexual reproduction involving gametes of the same size.
Q11. If you are asked to classify the various algae into distinct groups, which of the following characters you should choose?
[2007]
Correct Answer: (d)
Algae are classified on the basis of types of pigment present in the cell, like Rhodophyceae shows presence of phycoerythrin.
Algae are classified on the basis of types of pigment present in the cell, like Rhodophyceae shows presence of phycoerythrin.
Q12. The plant body of moss (Funaria) is
[1995]
Correct Answer: (d)
The gametophytic generation represents the dominant phase in the life cycle of bryophytes. The sporophyte phase is dependent.
The gametophytic generation represents the dominant phase in the life cycle of bryophytes. The sporophyte phase is dependent.
Q13. Ulothrix can be described as a
[1998]
Correct Answer: (d)
Ulothrix is a genus of filamentous green algae that reproduces by motile quadriflagellate spores.
Ulothrix is a genus of filamentous green algae that reproduces by motile quadriflagellate spores.
Q14. In Ferns meiosis occurs when
[2000]
Correct Answer: (c)
In sporic meiosis the sporophyte produces sporangia where as meiosis occurs producing haploid spores.
In sporic meiosis the sporophyte produces sporangia where as meiosis occurs producing haploid spores.
Q15. Dichotomous branching is found in
[1999]
Correct Answer: (d)
Marchantia is a dorsiventral dichotomously branched thalloid liverwort.
Marchantia is a dorsiventral dichotomously branched thalloid liverwort.
Q16. Which one of the following pairs of plants are not seed producers?
[2003]
Correct Answer: (b)
Pteridophytes (fern) and bryophytes (Funaria) are seedless plants.
Pteridophytes (fern) and bryophytes (Funaria) are seedless plants.
Q17. Mannitol is the stored food in:
[2009]
Correct Answer: (b)
Mannitol is a food stored in Fucus (Phaeophyceae).
Mannitol is a food stored in Fucus (Phaeophyceae).
Q18. Which one of the following has haplontic life cycle?
[2009]
Correct Answer: (b)
Ustilago has a haplontic life cycle. It is a simplest and most primitive type of life cycle.
Ustilago has a haplontic life cycle. It is a simplest and most primitive type of life cycle.
Q19. Which one of the following shows isogamy with non-flagellated gametes?
[2014]
Correct Answer: (d)
In Spirogyra, sexual reproduction occurs through conjugation. Gametes are non-flagellated, morphologically similar (isogamy).
In Spirogyra, sexual reproduction occurs through conjugation. Gametes are non-flagellated, morphologically similar (isogamy).
Q20. Which one of the following is wrong about Chara?
[2014]
Correct Answer: (c)
Chara belongs to chlorophyceae. Oogonium is borne at the top and antheridium at the bottom of the four celled filament.
Chara belongs to chlorophyceae. Oogonium is borne at the top and antheridium at the bottom of the four celled filament.
Q21. Which one has the largest gametophyte?
[1991]
Correct Answer: (d)
As one moves from thallophyta -> Pteridophyta -> Gymnosperm -> Angiosperms, there is reduction in the gametophyte and elaboration of sporophyte. Hence, moss has largest gametophyte.
As one moves from thallophyta -> Pteridophyta -> Gymnosperm -> Angiosperms, there is reduction in the gametophyte and elaboration of sporophyte. Hence, moss has largest gametophyte.
Q22. In a moss the sporophyte
[2006]
Correct Answer: (d)
In moss, sporophyte is partially parasitic on gametophyte. It depends on gametophyte for water and minerals.
In moss, sporophyte is partially parasitic on gametophyte. It depends on gametophyte for water and minerals.
Q23. Read the following statements (A-E) and answer the question which follows them.
A. In liverworts, mosses and ferns gametophytes are free-living
B. Gymnosperms and some ferns are heterosporous.
C. Sexual reproduction in Fucus, Volvox and Albugo is oogamous
D. The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses
E. Both, Pinus and Marchantia are dioecious
How many of the above statements are correct? [NEET 2013]
A. In liverworts, mosses and ferns gametophytes are free-living
B. Gymnosperms and some ferns are heterosporous.
C. Sexual reproduction in Fucus, Volvox and Albugo is oogamous
D. The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses
E. Both, Pinus and Marchantia are dioecious
How many of the above statements are correct? [NEET 2013]
Correct Answer: (b)
Statements (A), (B) and (C) are correct. (D) is wrong (Moss sporophyte is more elaborate). (E) is wrong (Pinus is monoecious).
Statements (A), (B) and (C) are correct. (D) is wrong (Moss sporophyte is more elaborate). (E) is wrong (Pinus is monoecious).
Q24. A well developed archegonium with neck consisting of 4-6 rows of neck canal cells, characterises
[1995]
Correct Answer: (b)
Archegonium is the female sex organ of bryophytes and pteridophytes. Its neck region is made up of 4-6 vertical rows of cells.
Archegonium is the female sex organ of bryophytes and pteridophytes. Its neck region is made up of 4-6 vertical rows of cells.
Q25. Which one is wrongly matched?
[2018]
Correct Answer: (a)
Polysiphonia is a genus of red algae, where asexual spores and gametes are non-motile or non-flagellated.
Polysiphonia is a genus of red algae, where asexual spores and gametes are non-motile or non-flagellated.
Q26. Some hyperthermophilic organisms that grow in highly acidic (pH2) habitats belong to the two groups:
[2010]
Correct Answer: (a)
Hyperthermophilic organisms that grow in highly acidic habitats belong to eubacteria and archae groups.
Hyperthermophilic organisms that grow in highly acidic habitats belong to eubacteria and archae groups.
Q27. Cycas and Adiantum resemble each other in having
[2012]
Correct Answer: (b)
Cycas (a gymnosperm) and Adiantum (a pteridophyte) resemble each other in having motile sperm.
Cycas (a gymnosperm) and Adiantum (a pteridophyte) resemble each other in having motile sperm.
Q28. Moss peristome takes part in
[1990]
Correct Answer: (a)
Peristomes are a ring of tooth like structure... help in the dispersal of the spores due to hygroscopic nature.
Peristomes are a ring of tooth like structure... help in the dispersal of the spores due to hygroscopic nature.
Q29. Double fertilization is exhibited by :
[2017]
Correct Answer: (c)
Double fertilization is a unique feature exhibited only by angiosperms. It involves both syngamy and triple fusion.
Double fertilization is a unique feature exhibited only by angiosperms. It involves both syngamy and triple fusion.
Q30. Which one is wrong statement ?
[2015 RS]
Correct Answer: (a)
The spores are non-motile in Mucor.
The spores are non-motile in Mucor.
Q31. Male and female gametophytes are independent and free-living in:
[2010]
Correct Answer: (d)
Sphagnum is a bryophyte in which male and female gametophytes are independent and free living. In Pinus (gymnosperm), mustard and castor (angiosperms), the main plant body is sporophytic.
Sphagnum is a bryophyte in which male and female gametophytes are independent and free living. In Pinus (gymnosperm), mustard and castor (angiosperms), the main plant body is sporophytic.
Q32. Select the correct statement:
[2016]
Correct Answer: (c)
Sequoia sempervirans is one of the tallest trees.
Sequoia sempervirans is one of the tallest trees.
Q33. Floridean starch is found in
[2000]
Correct Answer: (b)
Reserve food in red algae (Rhodophyceae) is floridean starch.
Reserve food in red algae (Rhodophyceae) is floridean starch.
Q34. Multicellular branched rhizoids and leafy gametophytes are characteristic of
[1997]
Correct Answer: (b)
In bryophytes, the gametophyte is leafy (in mosses/some bryophytes) with multicellular branched rhizoids.
In bryophytes, the gametophyte is leafy (in mosses/some bryophytes) with multicellular branched rhizoids.
Q35. Which one of the following pairs is wrongly matched?
[2012M]
Correct Answer: (a)
Statement (a) is marked as the answer in the key, possibly implying 'Ginkgo - Archegonia' is the mismatch, although Ginkgo does possess archegonia. However, 'Salvinia - Prothallus' is also a potential mismatch as heterosporous ferns do not form a true free-living prothallus.
Statement (a) is marked as the answer in the key, possibly implying 'Ginkgo - Archegonia' is the mismatch, although Ginkgo does possess archegonia. However, 'Salvinia - Prothallus' is also a potential mismatch as heterosporous ferns do not form a true free-living prothallus.
Q36. Apophysis in the capsule of Funaria is
[1990]
Correct Answer: (a)
Apophysis is basal portion of capsule in continuation with seta. The outer layer of apophysis is epidermis which has stomata.
Apophysis is basal portion of capsule in continuation with seta. The outer layer of apophysis is epidermis which has stomata.
Q37. Largest sperms in the plant world are found in
[1998]
Correct Answer: (c)
The sperms of Cycas are the largest in the plant kingdom reaching a size of 300 mm.
The sperms of Cycas are the largest in the plant kingdom reaching a size of 300 mm.
Q38. Read the following five statements (A to E) and select the option with all correct statements :
(A) Mosses and Lichens are the first organisms to colonise a bare rock.
(B) Selaginella is a homosporous pteridophyte
(C) Coralloid roots in Cycas have VAM
(D) Main plant body in bryophytes is gametophytic, whereas in pteridophytes it is sporophytic
(E) In gymnosperms, male and female gametophytes are present within sporangia located on sporophyte [2015 RS]
(A) Mosses and Lichens are the first organisms to colonise a bare rock.
(B) Selaginella is a homosporous pteridophyte
(C) Coralloid roots in Cycas have VAM
(D) Main plant body in bryophytes is gametophytic, whereas in pteridophytes it is sporophytic
(E) In gymnosperms, male and female gametophytes are present within sporangia located on sporophyte [2015 RS]
Correct Answer: (d)
(B) Selaginella is heterosporous. (C) Coralloid roots have cyanobacteria (Not VAM). Statements A, D, E are correct.
(B) Selaginella is heterosporous. (C) Coralloid roots have cyanobacteria (Not VAM). Statements A, D, E are correct.
Q39. Phloem in gymnosperms lacks:
[2019]
Correct Answer: (d)
Phloem in gymnosperms lacks both sieve tube and companion cells.
Phloem in gymnosperms lacks both sieve tube and companion cells.
Q40. After karyogamy followed by meiosis, spores are produced exogenously in
[2018]
Correct Answer: (d)
In Agaricus (a genus of basidiomycetes), basidiospores or meiospores are produced exogenously. Neurospora produces ascospores endogenously.
In Agaricus (a genus of basidiomycetes), basidiospores or meiospores are produced exogenously. Neurospora produces ascospores endogenously.
Q41. Pyrenoids are the centres for formation of
[1993]
Correct Answer: (d)
Pyrenoids are the centres for the formation of starch. It is a seat of synthesis and storage of starch present in the chloroplast of algae.
Pyrenoids are the centres for the formation of starch. It is a seat of synthesis and storage of starch present in the chloroplast of algae.
Q42. An alga which can be employed as food for human being is:
[2014]
Correct Answer: (b)
Chlorella and Spirulina are unicellular algae, rich in proteins and are used as food supplements by space travellers.
Chlorella and Spirulina are unicellular algae, rich in proteins and are used as food supplements by space travellers.
Q43. Algae have cell wall made up of:
[2010]
Correct Answer: (a)
Algae possess a definite cell wall containing cellulose, galactans and mannans.
Algae possess a definite cell wall containing cellulose, galactans and mannans.
Q44. Plants reproducing by spores such as mosses and ferns are grouped under the general term
[2003]
Correct Answer: (b)
The plants which reproduce by spores and do not produce seeds are called cryptogams.
The plants which reproduce by spores and do not produce seeds are called cryptogams.
Q45. Consider the following four statements whether they are correct or wrong?
(A) The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses
(B) Salvinia is heterosporous
(C) The life cycle in all seed-bearing plants is diplontic
(D) In Pinus male and female cones are borne on different trees.
The two wrong statements together are [2011M]
(A) The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses
(B) Salvinia is heterosporous
(C) The life cycle in all seed-bearing plants is diplontic
(D) In Pinus male and female cones are borne on different trees.
The two wrong statements together are [2011M]
Correct Answer: (b)
(A) is wrong because moss sporophytes are more elaborate. (D) is wrong because Pinus is monoecious (cones on same tree).
(A) is wrong because moss sporophytes are more elaborate. (D) is wrong because Pinus is monoecious (cones on same tree).
Q46. Zygotic meiosis is characteristic of:
[2017]
Correct Answer: (c)
Chlamydomonas has haplontic life cycle hence shows zygotic meiosis.
Chlamydomonas has haplontic life cycle hence shows zygotic meiosis.
Q47. The absence of chlorophyll, in the lowermost cell of Ulothrix, shows
[1995]
Correct Answer: (d)
The plant body of Ulothrix is divided into three regions. Basal cell forms a holdfast and lacks chlorophyll, showing beginning of labour division.
The plant body of Ulothrix is divided into three regions. Basal cell forms a holdfast and lacks chlorophyll, showing beginning of labour division.
Q48. Which one of the following plants is monoecious?
[2009]
Correct Answer: (a)
Pinus plant is monoecious i.e. both male and female cones are borne on different branches of the same plant.
Pinus plant is monoecious i.e. both male and female cones are borne on different branches of the same plant.
Q49. Ulothrix filaments produce
[1997]
Correct Answer: (a)
Sexual reproduction in Ulothrix is isogamous type. Only similar type of gametes called isogametes are produced.
Sexual reproduction in Ulothrix is isogamous type. Only similar type of gametes called isogametes are produced.
Q50. Which of the following is responsible for peat formation?
[2014]
Correct Answer: (d)
Sphagnum, a moss, provides peat that has long been used as fuel.
Sphagnum, a moss, provides peat that has long been used as fuel.
Q51. The product of conjugation in Spirogyra or fertilization of Chlamydomonas is
[1991]
Correct Answer: (a)
In both, gametes fuse to form zygote which develops into a thick walled resting zygospore.
In both, gametes fuse to form zygote which develops into a thick walled resting zygospore.
Q52. In which of the following would you place the plants having vascular tissue lacking seeds?
[1999, 2000]
Correct Answer: (c)
Pteridophytes are primitive seedless vascular plants.
Pteridophytes are primitive seedless vascular plants.
Q53. In angiosperms, functional megaspore develops into
[2011M]
Correct Answer: (a)
During megagametogenesis functional megaspore gives rise to embryo sac.
During megagametogenesis functional megaspore gives rise to embryo sac.
Q54. Evolutionary important character of Selaginella is
[1989]
Correct Answer: (a)
Presence of two types of spores microspores and megaspores (heterospory) is the evolutionary characteristic feature in the life cycle of Selaginella.
Presence of two types of spores microspores and megaspores (heterospory) is the evolutionary characteristic feature in the life cycle of Selaginella.
Q55. Chloroplast of Chlamydomonas is
[1993]
Correct Answer: (b)
Chlamydomonas has cup shaped chloroplast.
Chlamydomonas has cup shaped chloroplast.
Q56. In which of the following gametophyte is not independent free living ?
[2015 RS]
Correct Answer: (c)
Pinus belongs to gymnosperms in which male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free living existence.
Pinus belongs to gymnosperms in which male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free living existence.
Q57. Life cycle of Ectocarpus and Fucus respectively are
[2017]
Correct Answer: (b)
Ectocarpus exhibits haplodiplontic life cycle while Fucus has diplontic life cycle.
Ectocarpus exhibits haplodiplontic life cycle while Fucus has diplontic life cycle.
Q58. A plant having seeds but lacking flowers and fruits belongs to
[1992]
Correct Answer: (d)
Gymnosperms are vascular land plants having naked ovules i.e., ovules are not enclosed in a ovary hence, flower is absent.
Gymnosperms are vascular land plants having naked ovules i.e., ovules are not enclosed in a ovary hence, flower is absent.
Q59. Blue-green algae belong to
[1996]
Correct Answer: (b)
Blue green algae or cyanobacteria are prokaryotes.
Blue green algae or cyanobacteria are prokaryotes.
Q60. In gymnosperms like Pinus and Cycas, the endosperm is
[1988]
Correct Answer: (b)
In gymnosperms like Cycas/Pinus, endosperms are female gametophyte is haploid and formed before fertilisation.
In gymnosperms like Cycas/Pinus, endosperms are female gametophyte is haploid and formed before fertilisation.
Q61. Sperms of both Funaria and Pteris were released together near the archegonia of Pteris. Only its sperms enter the archegonia as
[1989]
Correct Answer: (d)
Archegonia of a particular species recognises antherozoids (sperms) of the same species through release of chemical (malic acid in Pteris).
Archegonia of a particular species recognises antherozoids (sperms) of the same species through release of chemical (malic acid in Pteris).
Q62. Select the mismatch
[2017]
Correct Answer: (d)
Pinus is monoecious plant comprising of both male and female cones on same plant.
Pinus is monoecious plant comprising of both male and female cones on same plant.
Q63. Which of the following propagates through leaf-tip?
[2004]
Correct Answer: (a)
Walking fern Adiantum propagates through leaf tip.
Walking fern Adiantum propagates through leaf tip.
Q64. Resin and turpentine are obtained from
[1992]
Correct Answer: (b)
Pinus species -> Resins and turpentine. Cedrus -> Timber. Abies -> Paper. Cycas -> Ornamental.
Pinus species -> Resins and turpentine. Cedrus -> Timber. Abies -> Paper. Cycas -> Ornamental.
Q65. In Pinus, the pollen grain has 6 chromosomes then in its endosperm will have
[1992]
Correct Answer: (c)
Pollen grains are haploid (n). If n=6, Endosperm in Pinus is also haploid (n) because it is formed before fertilisation. So it will have 6 chromosomes.
Pollen grains are haploid (n). If n=6, Endosperm in Pinus is also haploid (n) because it is formed before fertilisation. So it will have 6 chromosomes.
Q66. Select the wrong statement :
[2018]
Correct Answer: (d)
Pseudopodia are locomotory structures in sarcodines (amoeboid). Sporozoans lack locomotory structures.
Pseudopodia are locomotory structures in sarcodines (amoeboid). Sporozoans lack locomotory structures.
Q67. Pinus seed cannot germinate and establish without fungal association. This is because:
[2019]
Correct Answer: (b)
Fungus associated with roots of Pinus increases minerals and water absorption for the plant. Mycorrhizal association is obligatory for Pinus seed germination.
Fungus associated with roots of Pinus increases minerals and water absorption for the plant. Mycorrhizal association is obligatory for Pinus seed germination.
Q68. Which one of the following is heterosporous?
[2008]
Correct Answer: (b)
Salvinia is an heterosporous aquatic fern with both annual and perennial species.
Salvinia is an heterosporous aquatic fern with both annual and perennial species.
Q69. An example of colonial alga is :
[2017]
Correct Answer: (a)
Volvox is a motile colonial fresh water green alga. It forms spherical colonies.
Volvox is a motile colonial fresh water green alga. It forms spherical colonies.
Q70. In bryophytes and pteridophytes, transport of male gametes requires
[2016]
Correct Answer: (d)
Bryophytes neither have pollen nor flowers and rely on water to carry the male gametes (sperm) to the female gametes (eggs).
Bryophytes neither have pollen nor flowers and rely on water to carry the male gametes (sperm) to the female gametes (eggs).
Q71. Which one of the following is a living fossil?
[1996, 97, 2003]
Correct Answer: (c)
Ginkgo biloba is a living fossil.
Ginkgo biloba is a living fossil.
Q72. A plant in which sporophytic generation is represented by zygote
[1992]
Correct Answer: (c)
The plant body of Chlamydomonas is gametophyte (haploid). It reproduces asexually by zoospore... diploid zygote is the only structure representing sporophytic generation.
The plant body of Chlamydomonas is gametophyte (haploid). It reproduces asexually by zoospore... diploid zygote is the only structure representing sporophytic generation.
Q73. Which of the following plants produces seeds but not flowers?
[2002]
Correct Answer: (d)
Pinus is a gymnosperm in which seeds are produced but flowers are not produced or seeds are not enclosed in flowers.
Pinus is a gymnosperm in which seeds are produced but flowers are not produced or seeds are not enclosed in flowers.
Q74. Bryophytes comprise
[1999]
Correct Answer: (d)
In bryophytes, the dominant and independent living phase is gametophyte. Sporophyte is always attached and dependent upon the gametophyte.
In bryophytes, the dominant and independent living phase is gametophyte. Sporophyte is always attached and dependent upon the gametophyte.
Q75. In Pinus/gymnosperms, the haploid structure are
[1989]
Correct Answer: (b)
In Pinus, endosperm produced before fertilization is haploid. Megaspore and pollen grain are initial structures of gametophyte hence are haploid.
In Pinus, endosperm produced before fertilization is haploid. Megaspore and pollen grain are initial structures of gametophyte hence are haploid.
Q76. Isogamous condition with non-flagellated gametes is found in :
[NEET 2013]
Correct Answer: (a)
In Spirogyra, sexual reproduction occurs through conjugation. Gametes are non-flagellated, morphologically similar (isogamy).
In Spirogyra, sexual reproduction occurs through conjugation. Gametes are non-flagellated, morphologically similar (isogamy).
Q77. Male gametophyte in angiosperms produces
[2015 RS]
Correct Answer: (d)
Two sperms and a vegetative cell are produced by male gametophyte in angiosperms.
Two sperms and a vegetative cell are produced by male gametophyte in angiosperms.
Q78. A research student collected certain algae and found that its cells contained both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b as well as phycoerythrin. The alga belongs to
[2000]
Correct Answer: (a)
Phycoerythrin gives red colour to Rhodophyceae.
Phycoerythrin gives red colour to Rhodophyceae.
Q79. Columella is a specialised structure found in the sporangium of
[1999]
Correct Answer: (b)
Columella is located on the tip of long erect stalk known as sporangiophore, present in the Rhizopus.
Columella is located on the tip of long erect stalk known as sporangiophore, present in the Rhizopus.
Q80. Which one of the following is wrongly matched?
[NEET Kar. 2013]
Correct Answer: (b)
In Spirogyra gametes are non-flagellated (non-motile) but similar in size.
In Spirogyra gametes are non-flagellated (non-motile) but similar in size.
Q81. Flagellated male gametes are present in all the three of which one of the following sets?
[2007]
Correct Answer: (c)
The male gametes of bryophytes (Riccia) are biflagellate and those of pteridophytes (Dryopteris) are multiflagellate. Cycas also has multiciliate gametes.
The male gametes of bryophytes (Riccia) are biflagellate and those of pteridophytes (Dryopteris) are multiflagellate. Cycas also has multiciliate gametes.
Q82. Strobili or cones are found in
[2020]
Correct Answer: (c)
Strobili or cones are the dense and compact structure present on non flowering plants. They contain sporangia. Found in Equisetum.
Strobili or cones are the dense and compact structure present on non flowering plants. They contain sporangia. Found in Equisetum.
Q83. The antherozoids of Funaria are
[1999]
Correct Answer: (b)
Antherozoids of Funaria bear two flagella at anterior end and is spirally coiled.
Antherozoids of Funaria bear two flagella at anterior end and is spirally coiled.
Q84. Which one of the following is a living fossil?
[2003, 04]
Correct Answer: (a)
Cycas revoluta is a living fossil.
Cycas revoluta is a living fossil.
Q85. Which one pair of examples will correctly represent the grouping Spermatophyta according to one of the schemes of classifying plants ?
[2003]
Correct Answer: (a)
Spermatophytes are the seed plants. Ginkgo belongs to group gymnosperms and Pisum belongs to group angiosperms.
Spermatophytes are the seed plants. Ginkgo belongs to group gymnosperms and Pisum belongs to group angiosperms.
Q86. In which one of these the elaters are present along with mature spores in the capsule (to help in spore dispersal)?
[1996]
Correct Answer: (b)
In Marchantia, capsule elaters are present which help in dispersal of spores.
In Marchantia, capsule elaters are present which help in dispersal of spores.
Q87. Which one of the following is common to multicellular fungi, filamentous algae and protonema of mosses
[2012]
Correct Answer: (d)
Multiplication by fragmentation takes place in the multicellular fungi, filamentous algae and protonema of mosses.
Multiplication by fragmentation takes place in the multicellular fungi, filamentous algae and protonema of mosses.
Q88. Which one of the following is a vascular cryptogam?
[2009]
Correct Answer: (d)
Equisetum is a vascular cryptogam. It is the only living genus in Equisetaceae (horse tails).
Equisetum is a vascular cryptogam. It is the only living genus in Equisetaceae (horse tails).
Q89. The plant group that produces spores and embryo but lacks vascular tissues and seeds is
[1992]
Correct Answer: (c)
Bryophytes are the plants which produces spores and embryo but no vascular tissues.
Bryophytes are the plants which produces spores and embryo but no vascular tissues.
Q90. In Ulothrix/Spirogyra, reduction division (meiosis) occurs at the time of
[1993]
Correct Answer: (c)
Plant body of Ulothrix and Spirogyra is gametophyte (haploid). Zygospore (2n) undergoes meiosis to produce zoospores.
Plant body of Ulothrix and Spirogyra is gametophyte (haploid). Zygospore (2n) undergoes meiosis to produce zoospores.
Q91. In gymnosperms, the pollen chamber represents
[2007]
Correct Answer: (a)
In gymnosperms, the pollen chamber represents a cavity in the ovule in which pollen grains are stored after pollination within the pollen chamber.
In gymnosperms, the pollen chamber represents a cavity in the ovule in which pollen grains are stored after pollination within the pollen chamber.
Q92. Read the following five statements (A - E) and answer the question.
(A) In Equisetum the female gametophyte is retained on the parent sporophyte.
(B) In Ginkgo male gametophyte is not independent.
(C) The sporophyte in Riccia is more developed than that in Polytrichum.
(D) Sexual reproduction in Volvox is isogamous.
(E) The spores of slime molds lack cell walls.
How many of the above statements are correct? [2012M]
(A) In Equisetum the female gametophyte is retained on the parent sporophyte.
(B) In Ginkgo male gametophyte is not independent.
(C) The sporophyte in Riccia is more developed than that in Polytrichum.
(D) Sexual reproduction in Volvox is isogamous.
(E) The spores of slime molds lack cell walls.
How many of the above statements are correct? [2012M]
Correct Answer: (a)
Statements A and B are correct. C is incorrect (Riccia sporophyte is simplest). D is incorrect (Volvox is oogamous). E is incorrect (spores possess cell walls).
Statements A and B are correct. C is incorrect (Riccia sporophyte is simplest). D is incorrect (Volvox is oogamous). E is incorrect (spores possess cell walls).
Q93. Floridean starch has structure similar to
[2020]
Correct Answer: (a)
Floridean starch is stored food material in red algae. Its structure is similar to amylopectin and glycogen in structure.
Floridean starch is stored food material in red algae. Its structure is similar to amylopectin and glycogen in structure.
Q94. Which of the following is true about bryophytes?
[1999]
Correct Answer: (d)
Bryophytes are non-vascular embryophytes characterised by the presence of an independent gametophyte, archegonia, and chloroplasts.
Bryophytes are non-vascular embryophytes characterised by the presence of an independent gametophyte, archegonia, and chloroplasts.
Q95. Protonema occurs in the life cycle of
[1990, 1993]
Correct Answer: (b)
In Funaria, the spore germinates to form a green multicellular structure called as protonema.
In Funaria, the spore germinates to form a green multicellular structure called as protonema.
Q96. Which one of the following is not common between Funaria and Selaginella?
[1992]
Correct Answer: (d)
Funaria is a moss (Bryophyte) and lacks roots (has rhizoids). Selaginella has roots.
Funaria is a moss (Bryophyte) and lacks roots (has rhizoids). Selaginella has roots.
Q97. Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme?
[NEET 2013]
Correct Answer: (b)
Algae is a plant and so its cell wall is made up of cellulose. Cellulase enzyme is needed for degradation of its cell wall.
Algae is a plant and so its cell wall is made up of cellulose. Cellulase enzyme is needed for degradation of its cell wall.
Q98. Select one of the following pairs of important features distinguishing Gnetum from Cycas and Pinus and showing affinities with angiosperms
[2008]
Correct Answer: (b)
The important features distinguishing Gnetum from Cycas and Pinus and showing affinities with angiosperms are presence of vessel elements and absence of archegonia.
The important features distinguishing Gnetum from Cycas and Pinus and showing affinities with angiosperms are presence of vessel elements and absence of archegonia.
Q99. Prothallus (gametophyte) gives rise to fern plant (sporophyte) without fertilization. It is
[1988]
Correct Answer: (b)
When prothallus of a fern gives rise to sporophyte directly from somatic cell without forming gametes it is apogamy.
When prothallus of a fern gives rise to sporophyte directly from somatic cell without forming gametes it is apogamy.
Q100. Peat Moss is used as a packing material for sending flowers and live plants to distant places because
[2006]
Correct Answer: (a)
Peat moss (Sphagnum) is hygroscopic in nature and absorbs moisture.
Peat moss (Sphagnum) is hygroscopic in nature and absorbs moisture.
Q101. Cycas has two cotyledons but not included in angiosperms because of
[2001]
Correct Answer: (a)
In Cycas (gymnosperm) the seed does not occur inside a fruit but lies naked or exposed on the surface of megasporophyll.
In Cycas (gymnosperm) the seed does not occur inside a fruit but lies naked or exposed on the surface of megasporophyll.
Q102. Compared with the gametophytes of the bryophytes the gametophytes of vascular plant are
[2011]
Correct Answer: (a)
The gametophyte of bryophytes are smaller but have large sex organs.
The gametophyte of bryophytes are smaller but have large sex organs.
Q103. The gametophyte is not an independent, free living generation in :
[2011]
Correct Answer: (d)
Unlike bryophytes and pteridophytes, in gymnosperms (Pinus) the male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free-living existence.
Unlike bryophytes and pteridophytes, in gymnosperms (Pinus) the male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free-living existence.
Q104. Spore dissemination in some liverworts is aided by
[2007]
Correct Answer: (d)
Elater is an elongated, spirally thickened cell in the capsule of a liverwort, derived from sporogenous tissue and assist in spore dispersal.
Elater is an elongated, spirally thickened cell in the capsule of a liverwort, derived from sporogenous tissue and assist in spore dispersal.
Q105. Which one of the following statements about Cycas is incorrect?
[1998]
Correct Answer: (c)
In Cycas, conducting part of xylem consists of tracheids (vessels absent).
In Cycas, conducting part of xylem consists of tracheids (vessels absent).
Q106. Selaginella and Salvinia are considered to represent a significant step towards evolution of seed habit because:
[2011M]
Correct Answer: (d)
The heterosporous plants produce two types of spores. The female gametophytes are retained on the parent sporophytes for variable periods.
The heterosporous plants produce two types of spores. The female gametophytes are retained on the parent sporophytes for variable periods.
Q107. The ‘amphibians’ of plant kingdom are
[1996]
Correct Answer: (c)
Bryophytes are terrestrial plants but they require a thin film of water on the surface of their substratum during sexual reproduction.
Bryophytes are terrestrial plants but they require a thin film of water on the surface of their substratum during sexual reproduction.
Q108. The “walking” fern is so named because
[1998]
Correct Answer: (b)
Adiantum is also called the walking fern because of its ability to form new ferns whenever the leaf tip happens to come in contact with soil.
Adiantum is also called the walking fern because of its ability to form new ferns whenever the leaf tip happens to come in contact with soil.
Q109. Agar is commercially obtained from
[1995]
Correct Answer: (a)
Agar is obtained from several members of red algae such as Gracilaria, Gelidium.
Agar is obtained from several members of red algae such as Gracilaria, Gelidium.
Q110. Which one of the following statements is wrong?
[2015 RS]
Correct Answer: (c)
Mannitol is the stored food in Phaeophyceae (brown algae). Rhodophyceae stores Floridean starch.
Mannitol is the stored food in Phaeophyceae (brown algae). Rhodophyceae stores Floridean starch.
Q111. The plant body is thalloid in
[NEET Kar. 2013]
Correct Answer: (d)
The plant body of a liverwort is haploid (n), gametophytic, small, dorsoventrally flattened, thalloid (e.g., Marchantia).
The plant body of a liverwort is haploid (n), gametophytic, small, dorsoventrally flattened, thalloid (e.g., Marchantia).
Q112. The largest ovules, largest male and female gametes and largest plants are found among
[2000]
Correct Answer: (c)
Egg of Cycas (Gymnosperms) and its nucleus are the largest in the plant kingdom.
Egg of Cycas (Gymnosperms) and its nucleus are the largest in the plant kingdom.
Q113. Brown algae is characterised by the presence of
[1997]
Correct Answer: (c)
Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid pigment present besides chlorophyll in brown algae.
Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid pigment present besides chlorophyll in brown algae.
Q114. Examine the figure given below and select the right option giving all the four parts (a, b, c and d) correctly identified.
[2011M]
[2011M]
Correct Answer: (a)
The figure represents female thallus of Marchantia. Structures are: (A) Archegoniophore, (B) Female thallus, (C) Gemma cup, (D) Rhizoids.
The figure represents female thallus of Marchantia. Structures are: (A) Archegoniophore, (B) Female thallus, (C) Gemma cup, (D) Rhizoids.
Q115. Besides paddy fields cyanobacteria are also found inside vegetative part of :
[NEET 2013]
Correct Answer: (a)
In Cycas specialised root called coralloid roots are associated with N2-fixing cyanobacteria - Anabaena.
In Cycas specialised root called coralloid roots are associated with N2-fixing cyanobacteria - Anabaena.
Q116. An alga very rich in protein is
[1997]
Correct Answer: (d)
Chlorella can be grown to provide human food rich in protein, lipid, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
Chlorella can be grown to provide human food rich in protein, lipid, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
Q117. Bryophytes are dependent on water because
[1998]
Correct Answer: (c)
Bryophytes require a thin film of water on the surface of their substratum during sexual reproduction for swimming of sperms to reach the archegonia.
Bryophytes require a thin film of water on the surface of their substratum during sexual reproduction for swimming of sperms to reach the archegonia.
Q118. The ‘wing’ of Pinus seed is derived from
[1994]
Correct Answer: (c)
The upper surface of ovuliferous scale forms the membranous wing of the seed which helps in dispersal.
The upper surface of ovuliferous scale forms the membranous wing of the seed which helps in dispersal.
Q119. Which one of the following is considered important in the development of seed habit?
[2009]
Correct Answer: (a)
Heterospory is considered important in the development of seed habit.
Heterospory is considered important in the development of seed habit.
Q120. Sunken stomata is the characteristic feature of
[1995]
Correct Answer: (c)
Sunken stomata is the characteristic feature of xerophytes which help in reducing loss of water from leaf surface.
Sunken stomata is the characteristic feature of xerophytes which help in reducing loss of water from leaf surface.
Q121. Which of the following cannot fix nitrogen?
[1994]
Correct Answer: (c)
Spirogyra is a member of green algae which cannot fix atmospheric nitrogen.
Spirogyra is a member of green algae which cannot fix atmospheric nitrogen.
Q122. Match items in Column I with those in Column II:
[2005]
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| (A) Peritrichous flagellation | (J) Ginkgo |
| (B) Living fossil | (K) Macrocystis |
| (C) Rhizophore | (L) Escherichia coli |
| (D) Smallest flowering plant | (M) Selaginella |
| (E) Largest perennial alga | (N) Wolffia |
Correct Answer: (a)
Peritrichous flagellation: E.coli; Living fossil: Ginkgo; Rhizophore: Selaginella; Smallest flowering plant: Wolffia; Largest perennial alga: Macrocystis.
Peritrichous flagellation: E.coli; Living fossil: Ginkgo; Rhizophore: Selaginella; Smallest flowering plant: Wolffia; Largest perennial alga: Macrocystis.
Q123. In angiosperms, microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis :
[2015 RS]
Correct Answer: (b)
In meiosis, the number of chromosomes are reduced by half producing haploid daughter cells. Both processes involve meiosis.
In meiosis, the number of chromosomes are reduced by half producing haploid daughter cells. Both processes involve meiosis.
Q124. Pinus differs from mango in having
[1993]
Correct Answer: (c)
Pinus is a member of gymnosperm i.e. naked seed, whereas mango is a typical angiosperm whose ovules are enclosed in ovary.
Pinus is a member of gymnosperm i.e. naked seed, whereas mango is a typical angiosperm whose ovules are enclosed in ovary.
Q125. In Chlorophyceae, sexual reproduction occurs by
[1994]
Correct Answer: (b)
In chlorophyceae, sexual reproduction takes place by all the three processes: Isogamy, Anisogamy and Oogamy.
In chlorophyceae, sexual reproduction takes place by all the three processes: Isogamy, Anisogamy and Oogamy.
Q126. Archegoniophore is present in :
[2011]
Correct Answer: (a)
Archegoniophore is the female sex organ of bryophytes (Marchantia).
Archegoniophore is the female sex organ of bryophytes (Marchantia).
Q127. Bryophytes are amphibians because
[1991]
Correct Answer: (a)
Bryophytes are amphibians because they complete their vegetative phase on land but water is necessary for their reproductive phase.
Bryophytes are amphibians because they complete their vegetative phase on land but water is necessary for their reproductive phase.
Q128. Bryophytes can be separated from algae because they
[1997]
Correct Answer: (c)
Archegonium in bryophytes have jacketed sex organs (outer layer of sterile cells), unlike algae.
Archegonium in bryophytes have jacketed sex organs (outer layer of sterile cells), unlike algae.
Q129. Unique features of Bryophytes is that they
[1994]
Correct Answer: (b)
Sporophyte remains attached to the gametophyte and produces spores.
Sporophyte remains attached to the gametophyte and produces spores.
Q130. In the prothallus of a vascular cryptogam, the antherozoids and eggs mature at different times. As a result
[2007]
Correct Answer: (c)
In the prothallus of a vascular cryptogams the antherozoids and eggs mature at different times (protandry or protogyny) which facilitates cross fertilization and self-fertilization is prevented.
In the prothallus of a vascular cryptogams the antherozoids and eggs mature at different times (protandry or protogyny) which facilitates cross fertilization and self-fertilization is prevented.
Q131. Seed-habit first originated in
[1996]
Correct Answer: (a)
Seed habit originated in Cycadophiles or pteridosperms.
Seed habit originated in Cycadophiles or pteridosperms.
Q132. Male gametes are flagellated in :
[2015 RS]
Correct Answer: (b)
Male gametes are flagellated in Ectocarpus belonging to Phaeophyceae. In Spirogyra gametes are non-flagellated. Polysiphonia lacks flagella.
Male gametes are flagellated in Ectocarpus belonging to Phaeophyceae. In Spirogyra gametes are non-flagellated. Polysiphonia lacks flagella.
Q133. In which one of the following, male and female gametophytes do not have free living independent existence?
[2008]
Correct Answer: (d)
Cedrus belongs to conifer (Gymnosperm). Male and female gametophytes do not have free living independent existence.
Cedrus belongs to conifer (Gymnosperm). Male and female gametophytes do not have free living independent existence.
Q134. What is common in all the three, Funaria, Dryopteris and Ginkgo?
[NEET Kar. 2013]
Correct Answer: (b)
The female sex organ archegonium is formed in bryophytes (Funaria), pteridophytes (Dryopteris) and gymnosperms (Ginkgo).
The female sex organ archegonium is formed in bryophytes (Funaria), pteridophytes (Dryopteris) and gymnosperms (Ginkgo).