Q30. Which of the following organism possesses characteristics of both a plant and an animal?
Correct Answer: (b)
Euglena is photosynthetic (plant) but lacks a cell wall and moves (animal).
Q31. Trypanosoma belongs to class
Correct Answer: (b)
It moves using a flagellum.
Q32. Photosynthetic bacteria have pigments in
Correct Answer: (d)
Prokaryotes lack plastids; pigments are in internal membrane folds called chromatophores.
Q33. Protista includes
Correct Answer: (d)
Protista includes various metabolic groups.
Q34. Virus envelope is known as:
Correct Answer: (a)
The protective protein coat is called a capsid.
Q35. Pick up the wrong statement
Correct Answer: (c)
Monera (bacteria) are prokaryotic and lack a nuclear membrane.
Q36. Sex factor in bacteria is
Correct Answer: (b)
The Fertility (F) plasmid acts as the sex factor.
Q37. Which among the following is not a prokaryote?
Correct Answer: (a)
Saccharomyces (Yeast) is a eukaryotic fungus.
Q38. Nitrogen fixer soil organisms belong to
Correct Answer: (b)
Bacteria (Rhizobium, Azotobacter, BGA) are the primary biological N2 fixers.
Q39. Viroids differ from viruses in having;
Correct Answer: (c)
Viroids are exclusively composed of naked ssRNA.
Q40. A system of classification in which a large number of traits are considered, is
Correct Answer: (c)
Natural systems consider many characters (external and internal) to show natural affinities.
Q41. What is true for cyanobacteria?
Correct Answer: (a)
BGA perform oxygenic photosynthesis and fix nitrogen via nitrogenase.
Q42. Artificial system of classification was first used by
Correct Answer: (a)
Linnaeus used an artificial system (sexual system) based on stamen characteristics.
Q43. In the five-kingdom system of classification, which single kingdom out of the following can include blue green algae, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and methanogenic archaebacteria?
Correct Answer: (d)
All prokaryotic organisms belong to the kingdom Monera.
Q44. One scientist cultured Cladophora in a suspension of Azotobacter and illuminated the culture by splitting light through a prism. He observed that bacteria accumulated mainly in the region of:
Correct Answer: (a)
Photosynthesis (O2 production) is highest in blue and red light regions.
Q45. African sleeping sickness is due to
Correct Answer: (c)
Caused by T. gambiense and spread by Glossina (Tse-tse fly).
Q46. Which of the following environmental conditions are essential for optimum growth of Mucor on a piece of bread? A. Temperature of about 25°C B. Temperature of about 5° C C. Relative humidity of about 5% D. Relative humidity of about 95% E. A shady place F. A brightly illuminated place
Correct Answer: (a)
Mucor is a fungus. Fungi generally grow best in warm (around 25°C), humid (95% humidity), and shady/dark places.
Q47. In which of the animals dimorphic nucleus is found?
Correct Answer: (d)
Paramecium has a large macronucleus and a small micronucleus.
Q48. A bite of Tse-Tse fly may pass to humans
Correct Answer: (b)
Tse-tse flies transmit T. gambiense.
Q49. Tobacco mosaic virus is a tubular filament of size
Correct Answer: (d)
Dimensions are roughly 300nm length and 18-20nm diameter.
Q50. Entamoeba coli causes
Correct Answer: (d)
E. coli is a harmless commensal in the human colon (not to be confused with E. histolytica).
Q51. Organisms called methanogens are most abundant in a:
Correct Answer: (b)
Methanogens live in the rumen of cattle and are abundant in dung.
Q52. Plasmodium, the malarial parasite, belongs to class
Correct Answer: (c)
Plasmodium belongs to Sporozoa (lack locomotor organelles).
Q53. Which one of the following matches is correct?
Correct Answer: (a)
Alternaria belongs to Fungi Imperfecti (Deuteromycetes).
Q54. Cauliflower mosaic virus contains
Correct Answer: (c)
CaMV is a rare plant virus containing double-stranded DNA.
Q55. Which among the following are the smallest living cells, known without a definite cell wall, pathogenic to plants as well as animals and can survive without oxygen?
Correct Answer: (b)
Mycoplasmas are the smallest known prokaryotes lacking a cell wall.
Q56. What is true for archaebacteria?
Correct Answer: (d)
Archaebacteria are considered 'living fossils' and the oldest life forms.
Q57. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Correct Answer: (c)
The genetic material (DNA/RNA) is the infective part, not the capsid.
Q58. In Amoeba and Paramecium osmoregulation occurs through
Correct Answer: (c)
Contractile vacuoles pump out excess water.
Q59. Which of the following are found in extreme saline conditions?
Correct Answer: (d)
Halophiles (Archaebacteria) live in high salt conditions.
Q60. Which of the following components provides sticky character to the bacterial cell?
Correct Answer: (c)
Glycocalyx (capsule/slime layer) provides adhesion and protection.
Q61. A few organisms are known to grow and multiply at temperatures of 100–105°C. They belong to
Correct Answer: (b)
Thermoacidophiles grow in extreme heat and acidic conditions.
Q62. In the light of recent classification of living organisms into three domains of life (bacteria, archaea and eukarya), which one of the following statements is true about archaea?
Correct Answer: (b)
Archaea have unique cell membrane lipids and cell wall compositions.
Q63. Puccinia forms
Correct Answer: (b)
Uredospores and Teleutospores are formed on the primary host (Wheat).
Q64. Which one of the following is true for fungi?
Correct Answer: (c)
Fungi are absorptive heterotrophs.
Q65. The vector for sleeping sickness is
Correct Answer: (b)
Glossina (Tse-tse fly) is the vector.
Q66. One of the major components of cell wall of most fungi is
Correct Answer: (a)
Fungal cell wall is made of Chitin (N-acetylglucosamine polymer).
Q67. Lichens are a well known combination of an alga and a fungus where fungus has
Correct Answer: (d)
Mutualism (Symbiosis).
Q68. Specialized cells for fixing atmospheric nitrogen in Nostoc are
Correct Answer: (b)
Heterocysts are thick-walled specialized cells for N2 fixation.
Q69. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
Correct Answer: (c)
Covered smut of barley is caused by Ustilago hordei; U. nuda causes loose smut.
Q70. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Correct Answer: (d)
Yeasts are unicellular and do not form mycelial hyphae.
Q71. True nucleus is absent in:
Correct Answer: (d)
Anabaena is a prokaryotic cyanobacterium.
Q72. Viruses are no more 'alive' than isolated chromosomes because
Correct Answer: (a)
Neither can reproduce or show metabolism outside a host cell.
Q73. Name the organisms which do not derive energy directly or indirectly from sun
Correct Answer: (a)
Chemoautotrophs get energy from chemical oxidation of inorganic compounds.
Q74. Which fungal disease spreads by seed and flowers?
Correct Answer: (a)
Loose smut (Ustilago) is internally seed-borne and infects ovaries through flowers.
Q75. Adhesive pad of fungi penetrates the host with the help of
Correct Answer: (a)
Appressorium uses both physical force and hydrolytic enzymes to penetrate.
Q76. In prokaryotes, the genetic material is
Correct Answer: (d)
Prokaryotic DNA is circular and lacks basic histone proteins.
Q77. Excretion in Amoeba occurs through
Correct Answer: (d)
Though major waste diffuses, some is excreted via CV.
Q78. The motile bacteria are able to move by:
Correct Answer: (b)
Flagella are the primary organelles for bacterial locomotion.
Q79. In which group of organisms the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells which fit together?
Correct Answer: (d)
Diatoms (Chrysophytes) have soap-box like silica walls.
Q80. The causal organism for African sleeping sickness is
Correct Answer: (d)
Trypanosoma gambiense is the main causal agent.
Q81. In five kingdom system, the main basis of classification is
Correct Answer: (b)
Mode of nutrition was the primary criteria used by Whittaker to separate Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Q82. Most of the Lichens consist of
Correct Answer: (b)
Typically Green algae or Cyanobacteria paired with Ascomycetes.
Q83. Which bacteria is utilized in gober gas plant?
Correct Answer: (a)
Methanobacterium produces methane from organic waste.
Q84. Single-celled eukaryotes are included in:
Correct Answer: (a)
Protista is the kingdom for single-celled eukaryotes.
Q85. Chrysophytes, Euglenoids, Dinoflagellates and Slime moulds are included in the kingdom
Correct Answer: (b)
All unicellular eukaryotes are grouped under Protista.
Q86. Which one of the following organisms is not an example of eukaryotic cells?
Correct Answer: (b)
E. coli is a prokaryotic bacterium.
Q87. Organisms which are indicator of SO2 pollution of air
Correct Answer: (b)
Lichens are the best bio-indicators for SO2.
Q88. What is common about Trypanosoma, Noctiluca, Monocystis and Giardia?
Correct Answer: (d)
All are members of the kingdom Protista (unicellular eukaryotes).
Q89. Escherichia coli is used extensively in biological research as it is
Correct Answer: (a)
E. coli is the model organism for molecular biology because it's cheap and grows fast.
Q90. Archaebacteria differ from eubacteria in:
Correct Answer: (a)
Archaebacteria have branched chain lipids in their cell membranes.
Q91. The chemical compounds produced by the host plants to protect themselves against fungal infection is
Correct Answer: (c)
Phytoalexins are antimicrobial compounds synthesized by plants in response to stress.
Q92. Which one of the following statements is wrong?
Correct Answer: (c)
Eubacteria are 'True bacteria'. Archaebacteria were formerly called primitive.
Q93. Protists obtain food as
Correct Answer: (a)
Protists show diverse nutritional modes.
Q94. Which of the following secretes toxins during storage conditions of crop plants?
Correct Answer: (a)
Aspergillus flavus produces Aflatoxins during storage.
Q95. System of classification used by Linnaeus was
Correct Answer: (b)
Linnaeus' system was artificial as it relied on a few superficial traits.
Q96. Which is true about Trypanosoma?
Correct Answer: (a)
Trypanosoma exists in different structural forms during its life cycle.
Q97. Which of the following structures is not found in a prokaryotic cell?
Correct Answer: (d)
Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
Q98. The causative agent of mad-cow disease is a
Correct Answer: (a)
Prions cause spongiform encephalopathies like BSE.
Q99. Match the organisms in column I with habitats in column II:
Q110. The infective stage of malarial parasite Plasmodium that enters human body is
Correct Answer: (b)
Sporozoites injected by the mosquito infect the human liver.
Q111. The most abundant prokaryotes helpful to humans in making curd from milk and in production of antibiotics are the ones categorised as:
Correct Answer: (d)
Lactobacillus (curd) and Streptomyces (antibiotics) are heterotrophs.
Q112. Which one of the following statements about mycoplasma is wrong?
Correct Answer: (b)
Penicillin acts on cell wall synthesis; Mycoplasma lacks a cell wall, so it's resistant.
Q113. Choose the wrong statements:
Correct Answer: (b)
Morels and Truffles are highly prized edible delicacies.
Q114. Virus is an ultra microscopic nucleoprotein entity which becomes active only inside a living cell. It resembles living beings due to presence of genetic material and reproduction.
Correct Answer: (a)
Reproduction and heredity are living traits of viruses.
Q115. Protistan genome has
Correct Answer: (a)
Protists are eukaryotes; they have membrane-bound nuclei.
Q116. Fungi are nutritionally saprophytes, which grow on dead and decaying matter. They secrete enzyme to the external medium where digestion takes place and digested food is absorbed by the body surface. They convert complex organic constituents of dead body into simple soluble forms. That is why fungi are regarded as decomposers.
Correct Answer: (a)
Fungi and bacteria are the primary decomposers.
Q117. Black rust of wheat is caused by
Correct Answer: (a)
Puccinia graminis tritici causes black rust.
Q118. In fungi stored food material is
Correct Answer: (a)
Fungi store excess energy as Glycogen and oil droplets.
Q119. The fungus that causes the disease 'Ergot of Rye' is Claviceps purpurea. It contains many poisonous alkaloids. The hallucinogenic drug LSD is extracted from this fungi. Rust of wheat is used by
Correct Answer: (a)
Rust refers to Puccinia.
Q120. Satellite RNAs are present in some
Correct Answer: (a)
Satellite RNAs require a helper virus (common in plants) to replicate.
Q121. Enzymes are absent in viruses because they are unable to transmit their nucleic acid from one cell to another.
Correct Answer: (a)
Viruses lack their own metabolic enzymes and machinery.
Q122. The structures that help some bacteria to attach to rocks and/or host tissues are:
Correct Answer: (a)
Fimbriae are bristle-like fibers used for attachment.
Q123. Lichens indicate SO2 pollution because they
Correct Answer: (c)
They are 'Canaries in the coal mine' for air quality.
Q124. Auxopores and hormocysts are formed, respectively, by:
Correct Answer: (a)
Auxospores are in diatoms; Hormocysts are in some BGA.
Q125. The chief advantage of encystment to an Amoeba is
Correct Answer: (b)
Cyst formation protects Amoeba during unfavorable conditions.
Q126. Influenza virus has
Correct Answer: (b)
Influenza is an orthomyxovirus with a segmented RNA genome.
Q127. Viruses that infect bacteria, multiply and cause their lysis, are called
Correct Answer: (c)
Lytic phages cause immediate burst/death of the bacterial cell.
Q128. Mycorrhiza is
Correct Answer: (a)
Fungus-root mutualism.
Q129. Thermococcus, Methanococcus and Methanobacterium exemplify:
Correct Answer: (a)
Some Archaea possess proteins homologous to eukaryotic histones.
Q130. Classification given by Bentham and Hooker is
Correct Answer: (b)
They provided a comprehensive natural system for flowering plants.
Q131. The function of contractile vacuole, in protozoa, is
Correct Answer: (c)
It maintains water balance in the cell.
Q132. There exists a close association between the alga and the fungus within a lichen. The fungus
Correct Answer: (a)
Symbiosis: Fungi provide shelter and water; Algae provide food.
Q133. Mycorrhiza represents
Correct Answer: (c)
Mutualism between fungi and roots of higher plants.
Q134. Albugo candida is an obligate parasite causing white rust on members of family
Correct Answer: (a)
Causes white rust of crucifers (Mustard family).
Q135. How many organisms in the list given below are autotrophs? Lactobacillus, Nostoc, Chara, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Streptomyces, Saccharomyces, Trypanosoma, Porphyra, Wolffia
Correct Answer: (c)
Nostoc, Chara, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Porphyra, Wolffia are autotrophs. Total = 6.
Q136. Which one of the following is not true about lichens?
Correct Answer: (d)
Lichens grow extremely slowly (often < 1mm to 1cm per year).
Q137. Transfer of genetic information from one bacterium to another in the transduction process is through
Correct Answer: (b)
Transduction uses viruses (bacteriophages) as vectors.
Q138. In the five-kingdom classification, Chlamydomonas and Chlorella have been included in
Correct Answer: (a)
Whittaker placed them in Protista due to their unicellular eukaryotic nature.
Q139. Macro and micronucleus are the characteristic feature of
Correct Answer: (a)
Ciliates have dimorphic nuclei.
Q140. The imperfect fungi which are decomposers of litter and help in mineral cycling belong to:
Correct Answer: (d)
Deuteromycetes (Imperfect Fungi) are major litter decomposers.
Q141. Which of the following statements is wrong for viroids?
Correct Answer: (d)
Viroid RNA is of very LOW molecular weight.
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