Q1. The table gives populations (in thousands) of ten species (A-J) in four areas; habitats are in brackets. Which area shows maximum species diversity?
Area (habitats)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
a (11)
2.3
1.2
0.52
6.0
-
3.1
1.1
9.0
-
10.3
b (11)
10.2
-
0.62
-
1.5
3.0
-
8.2
1.1
11.2
c (13)
11.3
0.9
0.48
2.4
1.4
42
0.8
8.4
2.2
4.1
d (12)
3.2
10.2
11.1
4.8
0.4
33
0.8
7.3
113
2.1
Correct Answer: (c)
In area c - Populations are fairly balanced among species. While in area d - Species I has an extremely large population (113 thousand) while several others have very small populations (0.4, 2.1, etc.).
Q2. Alexander von Humboldt described for the first time
Correct Answer: (b)
Humboldt described the species-area relationship.
Q3. MAB stands for
Correct Answer: (b)
MAB is UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme.
Q4. Which has both correct combinations?
Correct Answer: (d)
National parks conserve in situ; botanical gardens conserve ex situ.
Q5. National park associated with rhinoceros is
Correct Answer: (a)
Kaziranga is famed for the one-horned rhinoceros.
Q6. An endangered species of Indian medicinal plants is
Correct Answer: (d) Podophyllum is an endangered medicinal plant.
Q7. The Earth Summit at Rio de Janeiro (1992) was called
Correct Answer: (b)
The Rio Earth Summit adopted the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Q8. A high density of a protected animal in a national park can result in
Correct Answer: (b)
High population density increases competition within the species.
Q9. Soil conservation is
Correct Answer: (d)
Soil conservation means protecting soil against loss and degradation.
Q10. The highest number of species in the world is represented by
Correct Answer: (a)
Fungi are estimated to have the highest species count among these.
Q11. An institution preserving valuable plant material likely to be lost in wild or cultivation in viable condition is called
Q43. Which is not a method of in situ conservation?
Correct Answer: (c)
Botanical gardens conserve species outside natural habitats.
Q44. Which represents the maximum number of species among global biodiversity?
Correct Answer: (b)
Fungi have the greatest number among these groups.
Q45. Which animal-plant pair represents endangered organisms in India?
Correct Answer: (d)
Both Bentinckia nicobarica and red panda are endangered.
Q46. Which is the correct sanctuary-main protected animal pair?
Correct Answer: (a)
Gir is the principal protected area for the Asiatic lion.
Q47. Wildlife is destroyed most when
Correct Answer: (c)
Habitat destruction is the major cause of wildlife loss.
Q48. Which is related to ex situ conservation of threatened animals and plants?
Correct Answer: (d)
Wildlife safari parks are ex situ facilities.
Q49. Which is an example of ex situ conservation?
Correct Answer: (b)
Seed banks are ex situ conservation facilities.
Q50. The legally protected region of a biosphere reserve where no human activity is allowed is
Correct Answer: (d)
The core zone is strictly protected.
Q51. Bulk fixation of carbon through photosynthesis takes place in
Correct Answer: (d)
Marine phytoplankton in oceans account for much global carbon fixation.
Q52. Which organisation publishes the Red Data Book?
Correct Answer: (b)
The IUCN publishes Red Data Books/Red Lists.
Q53. Which is considered a biodiversity hotspot in India?
Correct Answer: (d)
The Western Ghats are a biodiversity hotspot.
Q54. Maximum nutritional diversity is found in the group
Correct Answer: (c)
Monera shows the greatest nutritional diversity.
Q55. Flamingoes breed in
Correct Answer: (b)
Flamingoes breed in Chilika Lake.
Q56. Fill the blanks: bears go into __(1)__ during winter; a broad-base conical age pyramid represents __(3)__ population; a fig wasp and fig flower show __(4)__; a high species-richness area is a __(5)__.
Correct Answer: (d)
Bears hibernate; a broad-base pyramid is expanding; fig and wasp are mutualists; high-richness areas are hotspots.
Q57. Which is not included under in situ conservation?
Correct Answer: (a)
Botanical gardens are ex situ sites.
Q58. Which has maximum genetic diversity in India?
Correct Answer: (b)
Wheat shows very high genetic diversity in India.
Q59. The most effective way to conserve plant diversity of an area is
Correct Answer: (d)
The source answer identifies a seed bank as most effective.
Q60. In which pair is a soil characteristic not correctly matched?
Correct Answer: (d)
Black soil is not rich in calcium carbonate.
Q61. A collection of plants and seeds having diverse alleles of all genes of a crop is called
Correct Answer: (b)
Germplasm is the genetic resource of a crop.
Q62. At which latitude does heat gain through insolation approximately equal heat loss through terrestrial radiation?
Correct Answer: (b)
The approximate heat-balance latitude is 40° north and south.
Q63. The largest tiger reserve in India is
Correct Answer: (c)
Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam is India’s largest tiger reserve.
Q64. Which area in India is a biodiversity hotspot?
Correct Answer: (d)
The Western Ghats are a global biodiversity hotspot.
Q65. Which is the correctly matched endangered animal and national park?
Correct Answer: (a)
Kaziranga National Park is associated with the one-horned rhinoceros.
Q66. Identify the correct reserve-wildlife combination.
Correct Answer: (c)
The Rann of Kutch is the protected habitat of the wild ass.