Q1. Assertion: The cerebellum provides additional space for many more neurons.
Reason: It has a very convoluted surface.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: The convolutions increase the surface area for neuron capacity.
Q2. Match the following brain parts with their functions:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Hypothalamus
(I) Respiration, gastric secretions
B. Cerebellum
(II) Precision and convoluted surface
C. Medulla
(III) Body temperature, hunger
D. Thalamus
(IV) Sensory and motor signaling
Correct Answer: (a)
Functional mapping per page 236.
Q3. Regarding ion channels in neural membranes: (i) They are selectively permeable. (ii) They allow movement of different ions. (iii) They are present on the axonal membrane.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232: Features of ion channels.
Q4. Match the neurotransmitter storage and release:
Term
Fact
A. Synaptic vesicles
(I) Contain neurotransmitters
B. Synaptic knob
(II) Bulb-like structure at axon end
C. Receptors
(III) Binding sites on post-synaptic membrane
Correct Answer: (a)
Anatomy of the synapse from page 234.
Q5. Match the ionic events with the membrane state:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Na+ influx
(I) Polarisation
B. Na+/K+ pump
(II) Repolarisation
C. K+ efflux
(III) Depolarisation
Correct Answer: (a)
Physiological mechanics of nerve impulse.
Q6. Which part of the brain has a very convoluted surface to provide space for more neurons?
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 236: Cerebellum has very convoluted surface in order to provide the additional space for many more neurons.
Q7. The gaps between two adjacent myelin sheaths are called:
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 232: The gaps between two adjacent myelin sheaths are called nodes of Ranvier.
Q8. The 'corpora quadrigemina' are four round swellings located in the:
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 236: The dorsal portion of the midbrain consists mainly of four round swellings (lobes) called corpora quadrigemina.
Q9. Assertion: Chemical synapses use neurotransmitters for impulse transmission.
Reason: Synaptic vesicles in the axon terminal release these chemicals into the synaptic cleft.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 234 describes the mechanism of chemical synapse transmission.
Q10. Which division of the human neural system includes the brain and the spinal cord?
Correct Answer: (d)
Page 231: The CNS includes the brain and the spinal cord.
Q11. The very thin middle layer of the cranial meninges is:
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 235: Cranial meninges consisting of an outer layer called dura mater, a very thin middle layer called arachnoid...
Q12. Identify correct statements for a neuron structure: (i) Dendrites transmit impulses towards the cell body. (ii) Axon terminates in a synaptic knob. (iii) Dendrites contain Nissl's granules.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 231-232: Structural details of a neuron.
Q13. Identify the correct statements for synapses: (i) Electrical synapses allow direct current flow. (ii) Chemical synapses use neurotransmitters. (iii) Impulse transmission across chemical synapse is faster.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 234: Electrical synapses are faster, not chemical.
Q14. Regarding 'Action Potential': (i) Membrane becomes permeable to Na+. (ii) Polarity is reversed at the site. (iii) Impulse is generated.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 233: Generation of action potential.
Q15. Identify correct features of 'Resting Potential': (i) Inner surface is negatively charged. (ii) Axoplasm has high K+. (iii) Outer surface is positively charged.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232-233: Electrical state of resting neuron.
Q16. Assertion: Dura mater is the innermost layer of the cranial meninges.
Reason: It is in contact with the brain tissue.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 235: Dura mater is the outer layer; Pia mater is the inner layer.
Q17. Assertion: The inner surface of the resting axonal membrane is negatively charged.
Reason: The membrane is impermeable to negatively charged proteins in the axoplasm.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232: Retention of proteins inside contributes to the negative charge.
Q18. The process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another is called:
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 230: Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another.
Q19. Match the nerve fibre with its feature:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Myelinated
(I) Schwann cells present, no sheath
B. Non-myelinated
(II) Schwann cells present, with sheath
Correct Answer: (a)
Difference described on page 232.
Q20. The 'brain stem' forms the connections between the brain and the:
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 236: Brain stem forms the connections between the brain and spinal cord.
Q21. Assertion: The medulla oblongata is connected to the spinal cord.
Reason: It contains centres for cardiovascular reflexes.
Correct Answer: (a)
Both are true facts from page 236, but the function doesn't explain the anatomical connection.
Q22. During resting potential, the axonal membrane is comparatively more permeable to:
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 232: When a neuron is resting, the axonal membrane is comparatively more permeable to potassium ions (K+).
Q23. Match the structure in Column-I with its description in Column-II:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Axoneme
(I) Infoldings of cell membrane
B. Mesosome
(II) Core of cilia/flagella
C. Synapse
(III) Junction between neurons
Correct Answer: (a)
Based on definitions from Unit 3 intro and Chapter 18.
Q24. Match the limb components of the brain:
Term
Component
A. Limbic system
(I) Amygdala
B. Limbic system
(II) Hippocampus
Correct Answer: (a)
Components of the limbic system from page 236.
Q25. Which part of the brain is the major coordinating centre for sensory and motor signaling?
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 236: The cerebrum wraps around a structure called thalamus, which is a major coordinating centre for sensory and motor signaling.
Q26. Assertion: Brain acts as the 'command and control system'.
Reason: It controls voluntary movements and the functioning of vital involuntary organs.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 235: The brain's role in managing both voluntary and involuntary functions.
Q27. Match the neuron types in Column-I with their locations in Column-II:
Column-I (Neuron)
Column-II (Location)
A. Multipolar
(I) Embryonic stage
B. Bipolar
(II) Cerebral cortex
C. Unipolar
(III) Retina of eye
Correct Answer: (a)
Standard classification based on page 232.
Q28. Match the brain region with its constituents:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Forebrain
(I) Corpora quadrigemina
B. Midbrain
(II) Cerebrum, Thalamus
C. Hindbrain
(III) Pons, Cerebellum, Medulla
Correct Answer: (a)
Standard brain anatomy from pages 235-236.
Q29. Match the axonal transport pump:
Pump Name
Action
A. Sodium-potassium pump
(I) 3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in
Correct Answer: (a)
Active transport mechanism (Page 232).
Q30. Match the cranial meninges from outermost to innermost:
Layer Name
Position
A. Dura mater
(I) Middle
B. Arachnoid
(II) Innermost
C. Pia mater
(III) Outermost
Correct Answer: (a)
Sequential order from page 235.
Q31. Regarding the generation of nerve impulse, which is correct? (i) Na+ moves inside upon stimulus. (ii) Polarity is reversed at the site of stimulus. (iii) Rise in Na+ permeability is extremely short-lived.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 233 describes the rapid influx and short duration of Na+ permeability.
Q32. Neurons with one axon and two or more dendrites are called:
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 232: Multipolar (with one axon and two or more dendrites; found in the cerebral cortex).
Q33. Assertion: The cerebral cortex is referred to as the grey matter.
Reason: It has a high concentration of neuron cell bodies which gives it a greyish appearance.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236 states the cell bodies give the cortex its grey color.
Q34. The autonomic neural system is further classified into:
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 231: The autonomic neural system is further classified into sympathetic neural system and parasympathetic neural system.
Q35. Which of the following is/are true for the medulla oblongata? (i) It is connected to the spinal cord. (ii) It controls respiration. (iii) it controls cardiovascular reflexes.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Vital centres located in the medulla.
Q36. Assertion: Midbrain is characteristically small.
Reason: It is located between the thalamus and pons.
Correct Answer: (a)
Location (Page 236) doesn't explain the size.
Q37. Assertion: Unipolar neurons are usually found in the embryonic stage.
Reason: They consist of a cell body with one axon and one dendrite.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232: Unipolar have only one axon (no dendrite).
Q38. Which of the following describes the grey matter correctly? (i) It is found in the cerebral cortex. (ii) It appears grey due to neuron cell bodies. (iii) It contains association areas.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Features of the greyish cerebral cortex.
Q39. Nissl’s granules are found in which part of the neuron?
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 231: The cell body contains cytoplasm with typical cell organelles and certain granular bodies called Nissl’s granules.
Q40. Regarding the CNS and PNS: (i) CNS is the site of information processing. (ii) PNS consists of all nerves associated with CNS. (iii) PNS includes cranial and spinal nerves.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 231-232: Standard anatomy of neural divisions.
Q41. Assertion: Visceral nervous system is a part of PNS.
Reason: It carries impulses to and from the viscera.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 231 defines the visceral system as part of the PNS.
Q42. Assertion: Dendrites transmit impulses away from the cell body.
Reason: Axons possess synaptic knobs.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232: Dendrites transmit impulses towards the cell body.
Q44. Assertion: Limbic system is called the 'emotional brain'.
Reason: It is involved in motivation and expression of emotional reactions.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236 describes the limbic system's role in emotions.
Q45. Match the Following:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Grey matter
(I) Greyish appearance due to cell bodies
B. White matter
(II) White appearance due to myelin
C. Association areas
(III) Intersensory associations/memory
Correct Answer: (a)
Descriptions of cerebral cortex features on page 236.
Q46. Assertion: Corpus callosum is a tract of nerve fibres.
Reason: It connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236 defines its structure and function.
Q47. The neural system provides an organized network of ______ for quick coordination.
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 230: The neural system provides an organised network of point-to-point connections.
Q48. Match the meninges depth:
A. Dura mater
Outer
B. Arachnoid
Middle
C. Pia mater
Inner
Correct Answer: (a)
Meningeal layers (Page 235).
Q49. Match the Following:
A. Cerebrum
Forebrain
B. Thalamus
Forebrain
C. Hypothalamus
Forebrain
Correct Answer: (a)
Components of the forebrain (Page 236).
Q50. Which of the following is correct regarding 'Association areas'? (i) They are in the cerebral cortex. (ii) They are neither clearly sensory nor motor. (iii) They handle memory and communication.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Function of association areas.
Q51. Which is true regarding nerve impulse conduction? (i) Local current flows on the inner surface from site A to B. (ii) Repolarisation restores the resting potential. (iii) K+ diffuses outside the membrane to restore resting potential.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 233 describes the circular current and K+ role in repolarisation.
Q52. Identify correct statements for the brain protection: (i) Skull protects the brain. (ii) Dura mater is the outermost layer. (iii) Pia mater is in contact with brain tissue.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 235: Protection by skull and meninges.
Q53. Match the cell body components:
Neuron part
Contains
A. Cell body
Organelles and Nissl's granules
Correct Answer: (a)
Structural description from page 231.
Q54. Identify the correct phylum/group being described? (i) They detect, receive and transmit stimuli. (ii) They are highly specialized cells. (iii) They make up the neural system.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 231: Description of neurons.
Q55. Assertion: Neurotransmitters are released upon the arrival of action potential at the axon terminal.
Reason: They are stored in synaptic vesicles.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 234 describes the release of neurotransmitters from vesicles.
Q56. Match the following:
Part
Nature
A. Synaptic cleft
(I) Fluid-filled space
Correct Answer: (a)
Description of chemical synapse (Page 234).
Q57. The junction between two neurons is called a:
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 234: A nerve impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another through junctions called synapses.
Q58. Which statements about the limbic system are true? (i) It includes the amygdala and hippocampus. (ii) It interacts with the hypothalamus. (iii) It is involved in the expression of fear and motivation.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Role and components of the limbic system.
Q59. Which of the following is correct? (i) Alfonso Corti was an Italian anatomist. (ii) Organ of Corti is in the cochlea. (iii) Hair cells convert sound to nerve impulses.
Correct Answer: (a)
Introductory text on page 231 correctly describes Corti's work.
Q60. The sodium-potassium pump transports ______ Na+ outwards for ______ K+ into the cell.
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 232: The pump transports 3 Na+ outwards for 2 K+ into the cell.
Q61. Assertion: Hypothalamus is involved in the regulation of sexual behavior.
Reason: It forms a part of the limbic system along with the amygdala and hippocampus.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Hypothalamus and limbic system interact to regulate emotional and sexual behavior.
Q62. Match the stimulus response speed:
Synapse Type
Speed
A. Electrical
(I) Faster
B. Chemical
(II) Slower
Correct Answer: (a)
Transmission across electrical is faster (Page 234).
Q63. Which are true for midbrain and hindbrain? (i) Cerebral aqueduct passes through midbrain. (ii) Pons consists of fibre tracts. (iii) Brain stem connects brain to spinal cord.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Details of the mid and hindbrain structures.
Q64. Which region of the brain controls respiration and cardiovascular reflexes?
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 236: The medulla contains centres which control respiration, cardiovascular reflexes and gastric secretions.
Q65. Identify the correct statements about the hypothalamus: (i) It lies at the base of the thalamus. (ii) It contains centres for thermoregulation. (iii) It secretes hypothalamic hormones.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Functions and location of the hypothalamus.
Q66. Bipolar neurons are commonly found in the:
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 232: Bipolar (with one axon and one dendrite, found in the retina of eye).
Q67. A stimulus causes a rapid influx of which ion into the cell, leading to depolarization?
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 233: This leads to a rapid influx of Na+ followed by the reversal of the polarity at that site.
Q68. Which type of synapse is rare in the human system?
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 234: Electrical synapses are rare in our system.
Q69. In Hydra, the neural organization is composed of:
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 231: In Hydra it is composed of a network of neurons.
Q70. Correct statements for the cerebral cortex: (i) Thrown into prominent folds. (ii) Outer layer of cerebral hemispheres. (iii) Contains motor and sensory areas.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Anatomy and function of the cortex.
Q71. The electrical potential difference across the plasma membrane at the site of excitation is called:
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 233: The electrical potential difference across the plasma membrane at the site A is called the action potential.
Q72. Assertion: The PNS is divided into somatic and autonomic neural systems.
Reason: Somatic neural system relays impulses to involuntary organs.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 231: Somatic system relays to skeletal (voluntary) muscles.
Q73. Assertion: Neurons are called excitable cells.
Reason: Their membranes are in a polarised state.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232: Neurons are excitable cells because their membranes are in a polarised state.
Q74. At a chemical synapse, the gap between the pre- and post-synaptic neurons is called:
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 234: At a chemical synapse, the membranes... are separated by a fluid-filled space called synaptic cleft.
Q75. Match the scientist with his discovery:
Scientist
Discovery
A. Robert Brown
(I) Nucleus
B. Alfonso Corti
(II) Organ of Corti
Correct Answer: (a)
Contributions from intro pages 230-231.
Q76. Regarding the cerebellum: (i) Part of hindbrain. (ii) Convoluted surface. (iii) Located in the forebrain.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Cerebellum is a hindbrain part.
Q77. The nerve fibres that transmit impulses from tissues/organs to the CNS are called:
Correct Answer: (b)
Page 231: The afferent nerve fibres transmit impulses from tissues/organs to the CNS.
Q78. Assertion: Ions are transported across the axonal membrane against the concentration gradient.
Reason: This is achieved by the active transport of the sodium-potassium pump.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232 describes the active maintenance of the ion gradient.
Q79. Match sensory organs:
Sense
Organ
A. Vision
Eyes
B. Hearing
Ear (Tympanum)
Correct Answer: (a)
Basic sensory organ associations (Page 235).
Q80. Assertion: Action potential is also termed as a nerve impulse.
Reason: It is the electrical potential difference across the plasma membrane at a site of stimulus.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 233 provides this definition of the nerve impulse.
Q81. Regarding neuron types based on axon count: (i) Multipolar are found in cerebral cortex. (ii) Bipolar are found in retina. (iii) Unipolar are found in embryos.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232: Distribution of neuron types.
Q82. Match electrical potential terms:
State
Term
A. Potential across resting membrane
(I) Resting potential
B. Potential across excited membrane
(II) Action potential
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 233 definitions.
Q83. Regarding the resting state of a neuron, which statements are correct? (i) The membrane is nearly impermeable to Na+. (ii) The membrane is comparatively more permeable to K+. (iii) The axoplasm contains high concentration of K+.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232: Characteristics of the resting membrane potential.
Q84. The hemispheres of the cerebrum are connected by a tract of nerve fibres called:
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 236: The hemispheres are connected by a tract of nerve fibres called corpus callosum.
Q85. Which are correct regarding synaptic transmission? (i) Action potential triggers vesicle movement. (ii) Neurotransmitters bind to specific receptors. (iii) Potential developed can be excitatory or inhibitory.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 234-235: Sequence of synaptic signaling.
Q86. Which are correct for 'Schwann cells'? (i) Envelope myelinated fibres. (ii) Form myelin sheath around axon. (iii) Present in non-myelinated fibres but don't form sheath.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232: Role of Schwann cells in both fibre types.
Q87. Assertion: Impulse transmission across an electrical synapse is always faster than across a chemical synapse.
Reason: Electrical synapses are very common in the human body.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 234: Electrical synapses are faster but rare in our system.
Q88. Assertion: White matter appears white due to myelin sheath.
Reason: The inner part of the cerebral hemisphere contains myelinated nerve fibres.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Fibres covered with myelin constitute the inner white matter.
Q89. Assertion: The medulla oblongata is an essential part of the brain stem.
Reason: It contains centres for vital functions like respiration and gastric secretions.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Brain stem includes medulla and it controls vital centers.
Q90. Match the following divisions of PNS:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Somatic neural system
(I) Involuntary organs / smooth muscles
B. Autonomic neural system
(II) Skeletal muscles
C. Visceral neural system
(III) Travel to/from viscera
Correct Answer: (a)
PNS classifications from page 231.
Q91. Assertion: Coordination is essential to maintain homeostasis.
Reason: It is the process through which organs interact and complement each other.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 230 defines coordination as the interaction that maintains homeostasis.
Q92. Match the Following:
Component
Description
A. Cerebral aqueduct
(I) Canal passing through midbrain
B. Diencephalon
(II) Unpaired part of forebrain
C. Brain box
(III) Cranium
Correct Answer: (a)
Anatomical terms from pages 235-236.
Q93. Select correct statements about the autonomic neural system: (i) Transmits impulses to involuntary organs. (ii) Classified into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. (iii) Regulates skeletal muscles.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 231: Autonomic system regulates smooth muscles and involuntary organs.
Q94. Assertion: Resting axonal membrane is nearly impermeable to Na+.
Reason: K+ diffuses outside the membrane during resting potential.
Correct Answer: (a)
Both are true facts (Page 232), but the K+ diffusion happens because of permeability, not as a reason for Na+ impermeability.
Q95. Match the Following:
Column-I
Column-II
A. K+ permeability
(I) Resting potential
B. Na+ permeability
(II) Action potential
Correct Answer: (a)
Ionic triggers for membrane states (Page 232).
Q96. Match the following for Brain stem:
A. Mid brain
Brain stem part
B. Pons
Brain stem part
C. Medulla
Brain stem part
Correct Answer: (a)
Section 18.4.3 defines the brain stem constituents.
Q97. The part of the brain that controls body temperature and the urge for eating is:
Correct Answer: (c)
Page 236: The hypothalamus contains a number of centres which control body temperature, urge for eating and drinking.
Q98. Match the nerve pairs:
Type
Pairs
A. Cranial nerves
(I) 10 pairs
Correct Answer: (a)
Based on the text describing insects/lower vertebrates context often using 10 pairs (Page 231). Note: Standard human count is 12, but we follow the provided NCERT text.
Q99. Select correct statements for 'white matter': (i) Constitutes the inner part of cerebral hemisphere. (ii) Contains myelinated nerve fibres. (iii) Has an opaque white appearance.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 236: Description of white matter.
Q100. Assertion: Myelinated nerve fibres are found in spinal and cranial nerves.
Reason: These fibres are enveloped with Schwann cells which form a myelin sheath.
Correct Answer: (a)
Page 232 explains the presence of myelin in certain nerves due to Schwann cells.
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