Q1. Correct statements for 'Pelvic Girdle': (i) Two coxal bones. (ii) Coxal bone formed by fusion of Ilium, Ischium and Pubis. (iii) Coxal bones meet at pubic symphysis.
Correct Answer: (a)
Pelvic girdle anatomy from section 17.3.
Q2. How many cervical vertebrae are present in almost all mammals, including humans?
Correct Answer: (c)
The number of cervical vertebrae are seven in almost all mammals.
Q3. Match the following for synovial joints:
Joint
Location
A. Hinge joint
(I) Knee
B. Gliding joint
(II) Between carpals
C. Saddle joint
(III) Between carpal and metacarpal of thumb
Correct Answer: (a)
Hinge: Knee; Gliding: Carpals; Saddle: Thumb carpal/metacarpal.
Q4. Amoeboid movement in human blood is exhibited by:
Correct Answer: (c)
Specialised cells like macrophages and leucocytes in blood exhibit amoeboid movement.
Q5. Which of the following is correct? (i) Alfonso Corti was an Italian anatomist. (ii) Human skeleton has 206 bones. (iii) Arthritis is inflammation of joints.
Correct Answer: (a)
Facts from unit introduction, section 17.3, and section 17.5.
Q6. Ciliary movement in humans is commonly seen in:
Correct Answer: (a)
Ciliary movement occurs in most internal tubular organs lined by ciliated epithelium, like the trachea.
Q7. Assertion: Troponin is a complex protein.
Reason: It is distributed at regular intervals on the tropomyosin.
Correct Answer: (b)
Both are true, but distribution doesn't explain why it is 'complex'.
Q8. Assertion: Gout is the inflammation of joints.
Reason: It is due to the accumulation of urea crystals.
Correct Answer: (a)
Gout is due to uric acid crystals, not urea.
Q9. Which of the following is true for the 'Ear Ossicles'? (i) Total 6 bones in the body. (ii) Malleus, Incus and Stapes. (iii) Found in the middle ear.
Correct Answer: (a)
Description from section 17.3.
Q10. Muscle contraction is initiated by a signal sent by the:
Correct Answer: (b)
Muscle contraction is initiated by a signal sent by the CNS via a motor neuron.
Q11. Match the pelvic girdle components:
Term
Description
A. Acetabulum
(I) Cavity for thigh bone articulation
B. Pubic symphysis
(II) Formed by two halves of girdle ventrally
Correct Answer: (a)
Pelvic girdle anatomy from section 17.3.
Q12. Regarding the 'Vertebral column' formula: (i) C7, T12, L5, S1 (fused), Co1 (fused). (ii) Total 26 vertebrae.
Correct Answer: (a)
Anatomical formula provided on page 225.
Q13. Match the myofibril bands with pigments:
Band
Protein
A. Light band (I)
Actin
B. Dark band (A)
Myosin
Correct Answer: (a)
Section 17.2 states striated appearance is due to Actin and Myosin distribution.
Q14. The first vertebra is the:
Correct Answer: (b)
The first vertebra is the atlas and it articulates with the occipital condyles.
Q15. Match the following for contractile protein structures:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Troponin
(I) Distributed at regular intervals
B. Tropomyosin
(II) Two filaments running close to F-actins
Correct Answer: (a)
Description of protein arrangement on actin filaments.
Q16. The plasma membrane of a muscle fibre is called:
Correct Answer: (b)
Each muscle fibre is lined by the plasma membrane called sarcolemma.
Q17. Identify correct features of the 'Sarcomere': (i) Portion between two Z-lines. (ii) Functional unit of contraction. (iii) Contains one A-band and two half I-bands.
Correct Answer: (a)
Sarcomere structure from section 17.2 and summary.
Q19. Identify the correct sequence of events in muscle contraction: (i) Release of Acetylcholine at motor-end plate. (ii) Increase in Ca++ levels in sarcoplasm. (iii) Binding of Ca++ with a subunit of troponin. (iv) Formation of cross bridge.
Correct Answer: (a)
The signal leads to Ca++ release, which unmasks actin, allowing cross-bridge formation.
Q20. Which are correct for 'White muscle fibres'? (i) Low myoglobin content. (ii) Few mitochondria. (iii) High amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Correct Answer: (a)
Properties of white fibres from section 17.2.2.
Q21. Assertion: Cytoskeleton elements are involved in amoeboid movement.
Reason: Microfilaments are part of the cytoskeleton.
Correct Answer: (a)
Cytoskeletal microfilaments drive the cytoplasmic streaming in amoeboid cells.
Q22. Match the types of joints with their examples:
Q23. Muscles with high myoglobin content and many mitochondria are called:
Correct Answer: (b)
Myoglobin content is high in Red fibres, which also contain plenty of mitochondria.
Q24. Regarding 'Meromyosin', which are true? (i) It is the monomer of myosin. (ii) HMM component is the head/short arm. (iii) LMM component is the tail.
Correct Answer: (a)
Myosin structure from section 17.2.1.
Q25. Identify the correct statements about the vertebral column: (i) Formed by 26 units called vertebrae. (ii) First vertebra is atlas. (iii) Articulates with skull via occipital condyles.
Correct Answer: (a)
Vertebral column facts from section 17.3.
Q26. Match the bone total in limbs:
A. Each limb
30 bones
B. Total (4 limbs)
120 bones
Correct Answer: (a)
Skeletal mathematics for appendicular system.
Q27. Assertion: Heavy meromyosin (HMM) forms the cross arm.
Reason: The head and short arm project outwards from the surface of the myosin filament.
Correct Answer: (a)
The structural projection of HMM allows it to reach the actin filament.
Q28. Match the locomotion site with organism:
Site
Organism
A. Canal system
Sponges
B. Tentacles
Hydra
Correct Answer: (a)
Initial chapter observations on movement types.
Q29. Assertion: Cardiac muscles are involuntary.
Reason: The nervous system does not control their activities directly.
Correct Answer: (a)
The heart beats automatically without conscious intervention.
Q30. The neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction is:
Correct Answer: (c)
A neural signal reaching the NMJ releases Acetyl choline.
Q31. Identify correct statements about 'Sarcomere' changes during contraction: (i) Distance between Z-lines decreases. (ii) I-band reduces. (iii) A-band length remains constant.
Correct Answer: (a)
Sliding filament theory consequences on sarcomere bands.
Q32. Muscle fibre is a syncytium because it contains:
Correct Answer: (b)
Muscle fibre is a syncytium as the sarcoplasm contains many nuclei.
Q33. Assertion: Clavicle is commonly called the collar bone.
Reason: It is a long slender bone with two curvatures.
Correct Answer: (b)
Both are true, but structure doesn't explain the common name.
Q34. Identify the correct statements regarding smooth muscles: (i) They are located in the walls of hollow visceral organs. (ii) They are striated in appearance. (iii) They are involuntary muscles.
Correct Answer: (a)
Statement (ii) is incorrect; visceral muscles are non-striated (smooth).
Q35. Assertion: The 11th and 12th pairs of ribs are called floating ribs.
Reason: They are not connected ventrally to the sternum.
Correct Answer: (a)
Floating ribs have no ventral attachment.
Q36. Assertion: Visceral muscles are called involuntary muscles.
Reason: Their activities are not under the voluntary control of the nervous system.
Correct Answer: (a)
Involuntary means they cannot be controlled by conscious will.
Q37. Assertion: All mammals have seven cervical vertebrae.
Reason: This includes a few exceptions like man.
Correct Answer: (a)
The text says 'almost all mammals' and man is the rule, not an exception.
Q39. Regarding 'Myofibril' bands: (i) Striated appearance due to Actin and Myosin distribution. (ii) I-band is the light band. (iii) A-band is the dark band.
Correct Answer: (a)
Myofibril banding pattern from section 17.2.
Q40. Match the ear ossicles:
Bone
No. per ear
A. Malleus
1
B. Incus
1
C. Stapes
1
Correct Answer: (a)
Each ear has one Malleus, one Incus, and one Stapes.
Q41. Which of the following phylum/organism is correctly matched with its locomotory structure? (i) Hydra – Tentacles. (ii) Amoeba – Protoplasmic streaming. (iii) Euglena – Flagella.
Correct Answer: (a)
Locomotory structures mentioned on pages 217 and 218.
Q42. Regarding 'ATPase' activity: (i) Located in the myosin head. (ii) Hydrolyses ATP to release energy. (iii) Energy used for cross bridge formation.
Correct Answer: (a)
Role of ATP in the cross-bridge cycle (section 17.2.2).
Q43. Match the number of bones in human skeletal system parts:
Q48. Select correct statements for 'Osteoporosis': (i) Age-related disorder. (ii) Characterised by decreased bone mass. (iii) Increased chances of fractures.
Q50. Voluntary movements which result in a change of place or location are called:
Correct Answer: (b)
The text defines locomotion as voluntary movements resulting in a change of place or location.
Q51. The storehouse of calcium ions in muscle fibres is the:
Correct Answer: (c)
The endoplasmic reticulum (sarcoplasmic reticulum) is the store house of calcium ions.
Q52. Which protein masks the active binding sites for myosin on the actin filaments during rest?
Correct Answer: (b)
In the resting state, a subunit of troponin masks the active binding sites.
Q53. Which of the following regarding the pectoral girdle is/are correct? (i) Consists of a clavicle and a scapula. (ii) Scapula is a large triangular flat bone. (iii) Clavicle is the collar bone.
Correct Answer: (a)
Pectoral girdle anatomy from section 17.3.
Q54. About what percentage of the body weight of a human adult is contributed by muscles?
Correct Answer: (b)
About 40-50 per cent of the body weight of a human adult is contributed by muscles.
Q55. In Paramoecium, which structure helps in both movement of food and locomotion?
Correct Answer: (c)
In Paramoecium, cilia help in the movement of food through the cytopharynx and in locomotion.
Q56. Which statements regarding red muscle fibres are correct? (i) They have high myoglobin content. (ii) They contain plenty of mitochondria. (iii) They are also called aerobic muscles.
Correct Answer: (a)
Red fibres are optimized for sustained aerobic activity.
Q57. Match the following regarding muscle fatigue:
Cause
Mechanism
A. Fatigue
Accumulation of lactic acid
B. Lactic acid source
Anaerobic breakdown of glycogen
Correct Answer: (a)
Physiology of muscle fatigue.
Q58. Match the following for bone counts in feet:
Part
Number
A. Tarsals
(I) 7
B. Metatarsals
(II) 5
C. Phalanges
(III) 14
Correct Answer: (a)
Standard counts for ankle, sole, and digit bones.
Q59. Assertion: The 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs are called true ribs.
Reason: They join the seventh rib with the help of hyaline cartilage.
Correct Answer: (a)
Assertion is false; they are called false (vertebrochondral) ribs.
Q60. The human axial skeleton comprises how many bones?
Correct Answer: (c)
Axial skeleton comprises 80 bones distributed along the main axis of the body.
Q61. Assertion: Sarcomere is the functional unit of contraction.
Reason: It is the portion of the myofibril between two successive Z-lines.
Correct Answer: (a)
The Z-to-Z unit is what shortens during contraction.
Q62. Match the skull bones:
Type
Total
A. Cranial
(I) 8
B. Facial
(II) 14
Correct Answer: (a)
Total skeletal elements in cranial and facial regions.
Q63. Match the rib articulation:
Side
Attachment
A. Dorsal
Thoracic vertebrae
B. Ventral
Sternum (True ribs)
Correct Answer: (a)
Rib attachment points.
Q64. Identify correct statements for 'Rib types' (Pairs): (i) True ribs: 1-7. (ii) False ribs: 8-10. (iii) Floating ribs: 11-12.
Correct Answer: (a)
Rib classification from section 17.3.
Q65. Regarding the human skull, which statements are true? (i) Total of 22 bones. (ii) 8 cranial and 14 facial bones. (iii) Cranium forms the brain box.
Correct Answer: (a)
Skull anatomy summary from section 17.3.
Q66. Which statements about 'Tetany' are correct? (i) Rapid spasms. (ii) Caused by low Ca++ in body fluid. (iii) Wild contractions of muscles.
Correct Answer: (a)
Disorder description from section 17.5.
Q67. In the resting state, the central part of the thick filament not overlapped by thin filaments is:
Correct Answer: (c)
The central part of thick filament not overlapped by thin filaments is called the ‘H’ zone.
Q68. Assertion: Ribs are called bicephalic.
Reason: Each rib has two articulation surfaces on its dorsal end.
Correct Answer: (a)
Two heads (bi-cephalic) for attachment to the vertebra.
Q69. Identify correct statements for joints: (i) Joints act as a fulcrum for movement. (ii) Fibrous joints allow no movement. (iii) Synovial joints have a fluid-filled cavity.
Correct Answer: (a)
Joint classification and function from section 17.4.
Q70. The only U-shaped bone present at the base of the buccal cavity is:
Correct Answer: (b)
A single U-shaped bone called hyoid is present at the base of the buccal cavity.
Q71. Assertion: Red muscle fibres are also called aerobic muscles.
Reason: They can utilise the large amount of oxygen stored in them for ATP production.
Correct Answer: (a)
High myoglobin and mitochondria support oxidative metabolism.
Q72. Which of the following describes the structure of actin (thin) filaments correctly? (i) Made of two 'F' actins helically wound. (ii) Tropomyosin runs close to 'F' actins. (iii) Troponin is distributed at regular intervals.
Correct Answer: (a)
All three components are part of the thin filament complex.
Q73. Assertion: The skull is dicondylic in humans.
Reason: It articulates with the vertebral column with the help of two occipital condyles.
Correct Answer: (a)
Two condyles (di-condylic) provide the articulation point.
Q74. During contraction, which band retains its original length?
Correct Answer: (b)
During contraction, the ‘I’ bands get reduced, whereas the ‘A’ bands retain the length.
Q75. Match the vertebral column total:
A. Serially arranged units
Vertebrae
B. Total units
26
Correct Answer: (a)
Human vertebral column bone count.
Q76. Assertion: All locomotions are movements but all movements are not locomotions.
Reason: Locomotion involves a change in place or location, while movement may not.
Correct Answer: (a)
Locomotion is a specific type of voluntary movement that results in spatial displacement.
Q77. Assertion: Synovial joints allow considerable movement.
Reason: They are characterised by the presence of a fluid-filled synovial cavity.
Correct Answer: (a)
The fluid reduces friction and allows free movement.
Q78. The monomeric protein that constitutes the thick (myosin) filament is:
Correct Answer: (b)
Many monomeric proteins called meromyosins constitute one thick filament.
Q79. Assertion: Tetany causes wild contractions of muscles.
Reason: It is caused by high calcium levels in body fluid.
Correct Answer: (a)
Tetany is caused by low Ca++, not high.
Q80. Which of the following describes 'Myasthenia gravis' correctly? (i) Auto immune disorder. (ii) Affects neuromuscular junction. (iii) Leads to paralysis of skeletal muscle.
Correct Answer: (a)
Definition from section 17.5.
Q81. Assertion: H-zone is the central part of the thick filament.
Reason: It is the region not overlapped by thin filaments in a resting state.
Correct Answer: (a)
The definition of H-zone relates to the absence of actin overlap.
Q83. Assertion: The first seven pairs of ribs are true ribs.
Reason: They are dorsally attached to the thoracic vertebrae and ventrally connected to the sternum.
Correct Answer: (a)
Direct connection to both spine and sternum defines true ribs.
Q84. Assertion: Muscle fibre is a syncitium.
Reason: The sarcoplasm of muscle fibre contains many nuclei.
Correct Answer: (a)
Multi-nucleated state arising from fusion of cells is termed a syncytium.
Q85. Assertion: Fibrous joints do not allow any movement.
Reason: The flat skull bones fuse end-to-end with the help of dense fibrous connective tissues.
Correct Answer: (a)
Fixed sutures in the cranium are examples of immoveable fibrous joints.
Q86. Each actin (thin) filament is made of two ______ actins helically wound to each other.
Correct Answer: (b)
Each thin filament is made of two ‘F’ (filamentous) actins.
Q87. Match the parts of a Myosin Monomer:
Column-I
Column-II
A. Heavy meromyosin (HMM)
(I) Tail
B. Light meromyosin (LMM)
(II) Head and short arm
Correct Answer: (a)
HMM: Head/Arm; LMM: Tail.
Q88. The functional unit of contraction between two successive 'Z' lines is:
Correct Answer: (b)
The portion of the myofibril between two successive ‘Z’ lines is called a sarcomere.
Q89. Assertion: Accumulation of lactic acid causes muscle fatigue.
Reason: It is formed due to aerobic breakdown of glycogen.
Correct Answer: (a)
Reason is false; lactic acid is formed due to anaerobic breakdown.
Q90. The dark band of a myofibril is also called:
Correct Answer: (c)
The dark band is called the 'A' or Anisotropic band.
Q91. The globular head of meromyosin is an active ______ enzyme.
Correct Answer: (a)
The globular head is an active ATPase enzyme and has binding sites for ATP.
Q92. Select the correct statements for human ribs: (i) 12 pairs of ribs are present. (ii) 11th and 12th pairs are floating ribs. (iii) Ribs are bicephalic.
Correct Answer: (a)
Rib anatomy from section 17.3.
Q93. Which type of muscle is also known as 'smooth muscle'?
Correct Answer: (b)
Visceral muscles are smooth in appearance and are called smooth muscles (non-striated).
Q94. Assertion: Myasthenia gravis affects the neuromuscular junction.
Reason: It is an autoimmune disorder.
Correct Answer: (a)
Autoimmune attack on receptors at the NMJ leads to muscle fatigue.
Q95. Match the properties of bones and cartilages:
Structure
Matrix Nature
A. Bone
(I) Very hard due to calcium salts
B. Cartilage
(II) Slightly pliable due to chondroitin salts
Correct Answer: (a)
Section 17.3 descriptions of skeletal components.
Q96. Which of the following statements regarding types of movement is/are correct? (i) Amoeboid movement is effected by pseudopodia. (ii) Ciliary movement occurs in the trachea. (iii) Passage of ova through female reproductive tract is facilitated by ciliary movement.
Correct Answer: (a)
All these movement types are explicitly detailed in section 17.1.
Q97. Assertion: Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass.
Reason: Decreased levels of estrogen is a common cause in elderly women.
Correct Answer: (a)
Estrogen deficiency leads to bone mineral loss.
Q98. Match the limb bones:
Column-I (Common name)
Column-II (Anatomical name)
A. Thigh bone
(I) Clavicle
B. Knee cap
(II) Femur
C. Collar bone
(III) Patella
Correct Answer: (a)
Common descriptors for limb and girdle bones.
Q99. Muscle is a specialised tissue of ______ origin.
Correct Answer: (c)
The text states that muscle is a tissue of mesodermal origin.
Q100. Match the muscle fiber types:
A. Red fibres
Aerobic
B. White fibres
Anaerobic
Correct Answer: (a)
Summary section classification of muscle fibers.
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