Q13. Pinus seed cannot germinate and established without fungal association. This is because :
Correct Answer: (b)
Pinus has an obligate mycorrhizal association.
Q14. Xylem translocates.
Correct Answer: (d)
Xylem transports water, minerals, some organic nitrogen, and hormones.
Q15. In Antirrhinum (Snapdragon), a red flower was crossed with a white flower and in F₁ generation pink flowers were obtained. When pink flowers were selfed, the F₂ generation showed white, red and pink flowers. Choose the incorrect statement from the following :
Correct Answer: (d)
Law of Segregation applies to all sexually reproducing organisms, including incomplete dominance.
Q16. From evolutionary point of view, retention of the female gametophyte with developing young embryo on the parent sporophyte for some time, is first observed in
Correct Answer: (c)
This event (precursor to seed habit) is first observed in Pteridophytes (Heterosporous ones like Selaginella).
Q17. Variations caused by mutation, as proposed by Hugo de Vries are
Correct Answer: (b)
Mutations are random, directionless, and sudden (Saltation).
Q18. What triggers activation of protoxin to active Bt toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in boll worm?
Correct Answer: (c)
Alkaline pH of the insect gut solubilizes the crystals.
Q19. Which of the following pair of organelles does not contain DNA?
Correct Answer: (c)
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts have DNA. Lysosomes and Vacuoles do not.
Q20. Select the hormone-releasing Intra-Uterine Devices.
Correct Answer: (c)
Progestasert and LNG-20 are hormone-releasing IUDs.
Q21. Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity?
Correct Answer: (c)
Botanical Garden is an Ex-situ conservation method.
Q22. In a species, the weight of newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3 kg survive whereas 99% of the infants born with weight from 2 to 2.5 kg or 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place?
Correct Answer: (b)
Selection favors the mean character value (average weight) and eliminates extremes, characteristic of Stabilizing Selection.
Q23. Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) refers to :
Correct Answer: (a)
ESTs are genes expressed as RNA.
Q24. Phloem in gymnosperms lacks :
Correct Answer: (d)
Gymnosperms lack sieve tubes and companion cells (they have sieve cells and albuminous cells).
Q25. A gene locus has two alleles A, a. If the frequency of dominant allele A is 0.4, then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals in the population?
Q26. Which of the following pairs of gases is mainly responsible for green house effect?
Correct Answer: (d)
CO2 (60%) and CH4 (20%) are the major greenhouse gases.
Q27. How does steroid hormone influence the cellular activities?
Correct Answer: (b)
Steroid hormones enter the cell, bind to intracellular receptors, and the complex binds to DNA to regulate gene expression.
Q28. What would be the heart rate of a person if the cardiac output is 5 L, blood volume in the ventricles at the end of diastole is 100 mL and at the end of ventricular systole is 50 mL?
Q30. Colostrum the yellowish fluid, secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation is very essential to impart immunity to the new born infants because it contains
Correct Answer: (d)
Colostrum contains Immunoglobulin A (IgA) which imparts passive immunity to the newborn.
Q31. Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?
Correct Answer: (b)
Hyperosmolarity of the medullary interstitium (created by Henle's loop and Vasa recta) enables water reabsorption.
Q32. Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is not completely curable?
Correct Answer: (c)
Genital herpes (Viral) is not completely curable.
Q33. Match the following organisms with their respective characteristics :
Q48. It takes very long time for pineapple plants to produce flowers. Which combination of hormones can be applied to artificially induce flowering in pineapple plants throughout the year to increase yield?
Correct Answer: (a)
Auxin (NAA/2,4-D) and Ethylene induce flowering in pineapple.
Q49. Which of the following protocols did aim for reducing emission of chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosphere?
Correct Answer: (a)
Montreal Protocol (1987) aimed to reduce ozone-depleting substances like CFCs.
Q50. What map unit (Centimorgan) is adopted in the construction of genetic maps?
Q51. Thiobacillus is a group of bacteria helpful in carrying out
Correct Answer: (d)
Thiobacillus denitrificans carries out Denitrification (Nitrate to Nitrogen gas).
Q52. Consider the following statement : (A) Coenzyme or metal ion that is tightly bound to enzyme protein is called prosthetic group. (B) A complete catalytic active enzyme with its bound prosthetic group is called apoenzyme. Select the correct option.
Correct Answer: (b)
(A) is true. (B) is false because the complete active enzyme is called Holoenzyme; Apoenzyme is only the protein part.
Q53. Which of the following statements regarding mitochondria is incorrect?
Correct Answer: (b)
ETS enzymes are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, not the outer.
Q54. Persistent nucellus in the seed is known as
Correct Answer: (b)
Persistent nucellus is called Perisperm (e.g., Black pepper).
Q55. Which of the following statements is correct?
Correct Answer: (d)
Cornea is avascular, collagen-rich, and sensitive.
Q56. The concept of "Omnis cellula-e cellula" regarding cell division was first proposed by
Correct Answer: (a)
Rudolf Virchow modified the cell theory.
Q57. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Correct Answer: (c)
The infective constituent in viruses is the genetic material (DNA/RNA), not the protein coat.
Q58. Cell in G₀ phase :
Correct Answer: (a)
Cells in G0 phase exit the cell cycle (quiescent stage).
Q59. What is the direction of movement of sugars in phloem?
Correct Answer: (d)
Phloem transport is bi-directional (source to sink, which can vary).
Q60. Consider following features (a) Organ system level of organisation (b) Bilateral symmetry (c) True coelomates with segmentation of body Select the correct option of animal groups which possess all the above characteristics
Correct Answer: (a)
True segmentation (metamerism) is present in Annelida, Arthropoda, and Chordata. Mollusca is unsegmented.
Q61. Following statements describe the characteristics of the enzyme Restriction Endonuclease. Identify the incorrect statement.
Correct Answer: (b)
Restriction enzymes cut BOTH strands of the DNA helix.
Q62. Select the correct group of biocontrol agents.
Correct Answer: (b)
Trichoderma (fungus), Baculovirus (virus), and Bt (bacteria) are used as biocontrol agents.
Q63. What is the genetic disorder in which an individual has an overall masculine development gynaecomastia, and is sterile ?
Correct Answer: (c)
Inbreeding exposes (does not select) harmful recessive genes, which are then eliminated by selection.
Q68. Which of the statements given below is not true about formation of Annual Rings in trees?
Correct Answer: (d)
Annual rings are prominent in temperate regions due to distinct seasons. They are less distinct in tropics.
Q69. Match Column - I with Column - II
Column - I
Column - II
(a) Saprophyte
(i) Symbiotic association of fungi with plant roots
(b) Parasite
(ii) Decomposition of dead organic materials
(c) Lichens
(iii) Living on living plants or animals
(d) Mycorrhiza
(iv) Symbiotic association of algae and fungi
Correct Answer: (d)
Saprophyte-Decomposition(ii), Parasite-Living on living(iii), Lichens-Algae+Fungi(iv), Mycorrhiza-Fungi+Roots(i).
Q70. Under which of the following conditions will there be no change in the reading frame of following mRNA? 5' AACAGCGGUGCUAUU 3'
Correct Answer: (d)
Deletion/Insertion of 3 bases (codon) does not shift the reading frame.
Q71. The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes was explained by :
Correct Answer: (c)
Alfred Sturtevant used recombination frequency to map genes.
Q72. Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in :
(a) Nitrogenous waste build-up in the body
(b) Non-elimination of excess potassium ions
(c) Reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract
(d) Reduced RBC production
Which of the following options is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: (c)
Dialysis removes wastes (so a, b false). It reduces erythropoietin (d true) and can affect Ca absorption (c true).
Q73. The shorter and longer arms of a submetacentric chromosome are referred to as
Correct Answer: (b)
Short arm is designated as 'p' arm (petite) and long arm as 'q' arm.
Q74. Which of the following statements is not correct?
Correct Answer: (d)
Lysosomes are formed by packaging in the Golgi apparatus, not the endoplasmic reticulum.
Q75. What is the site of perception of photoperiod necessary for induction of flowering in plants?
Correct Answer: (d)
Leaves perceive the photoperiod.
Q76. Match the following organisms with the products they produce
(a) Lactobacillus -> (i) Cheese
(b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae -> (ii) Curd
(c) Aspergillus niger -> (iii) Citric Acid
(d) Acetobacter aceti -> (iv) Bread
-> (v) Acetic Acid
Select the correct option.
Q82. Which of the following is true for Golden rice?
Correct Answer: (a)
Golden rice is enriched with Vitamin A (beta-carotene) using genes from daffodil.
Q83. Tidal Volume and Expiratory Reserve Volume of an athlete is 500 mL and 1000 mL, respectively. What will be his Expiratory Capacity if the Residual Volume is 1200 mL?