Q1. Which of the following pairs of gases is mainly responsible for green house effect?
Correct Answer: (d)
CO2 (60%) and CH4 (20%) are the major greenhouse gases.
Q2. A gene locus has two alleles A, a. If the frequency of dominant allele A is 0.4, then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals in the population?
Q3. Match the following organisms with the products they produce
(a) Lactobacillus -> (i) Cheese
(b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae -> (ii) Curd
(c) Aspergillus niger -> (iii) Citric Acid
(d) Acetobacter aceti -> (iv) Bread
-> (v) Acetic Acid
Select the correct option.
Q4. The ciliated epithelial cells are required to move particles or mucus in a specific direction. In humans, these cells are mainly present in
Correct Answer: (d)
Ciliated epithelium is found in bronchioles (to move mucus) and fallopian tubes (to move ova).
Q5. Identify the cells whose secretion protects the lining of gastro-intestinal tract from various enzymes.
Correct Answer: (b)
Goblet cells secrete mucus which protects the lining.
Q6. Which of the following is the most important cause for animals and plants being driven to extinction?
Correct Answer: (a)
Habitat loss and fragmentation is the primary cause of biodiversity loss.
Q7. The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes was explained by :
Correct Answer: (c)
Alfred Sturtevant used recombination frequency to map genes.
Q8. Select the incorrect statement.
Correct Answer: (c)
In birds (fowls), females are heterogametic (ZW) and determine sex. Males are homogametic (ZZ).
Q9. Persistent nucellus in the seed is known as
Correct Answer: (b)
Persistent nucellus is called Perisperm (e.g., Black pepper).
Q10. It takes very long time for pineapple plants to produce flowers. Which combination of hormones can be applied to artificially induce flowering in pineapple plants throughout the year to increase yield?
Correct Answer: (a)
Auxin (NAA/2,4-D) and Ethylene induce flowering in pineapple.
Q11. Variations caused by mutation, as proposed by Hugo de Vries are
Correct Answer: (b)
Mutations are random, directionless, and sudden (Saltation).
Q12. What is the fate of the male gametes discharged in the synergid?
Correct Answer: (d)
Double fertilization: One male gamete fuses with egg (Syngamy), other with polar nuclei (Triple Fusion).
Q13. Which of the statements given below is not true about formation of Annual Rings in trees?
Correct Answer: (d)
Annual rings are prominent in temperate regions due to distinct seasons. They are less distinct in tropics.
Q14. Placentation in which ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or in peripheral part, is
Correct Answer: (c)
Parietal placentation involves ovules on the inner wall/periphery (e.g., Mustard).
Q15. DNA precipitation out of a mixture of biomolecules can be achieved by treatment with
Correct Answer: (b)
Chilled ethanol is used to precipitate DNA.
Q16. Match Column - I with Column - II
Column - I
Column - II
(a) Saprophyte
(i) Symbiotic association of fungi with plant roots
(b) Parasite
(ii) Decomposition of dead organic materials
(c) Lichens
(iii) Living on living plants or animals
(d) Mycorrhiza
(iv) Symbiotic association of algae and fungi
Correct Answer: (d)
Saprophyte-Decomposition(ii), Parasite-Living on living(iii), Lichens-Algae+Fungi(iv), Mycorrhiza-Fungi+Roots(i).
Q17. Which part of the brain is responsible for thermoregulation?
Correct Answer: (b)
The hypothalamus contains the center for controlling body temperature.
Q18. Select the hormone-releasing Intra-Uterine Devices.
Correct Answer: (c)
Progestasert and LNG-20 are hormone-releasing IUDs.
Q19. Select the correct group of biocontrol agents.
Correct Answer: (b)
Trichoderma (fungus), Baculovirus (virus), and Bt (bacteria) are used as biocontrol agents.
Q20. Which of the following can be used as a biocontrol agent in the treatment of plant disease?
Correct Answer: (a)
Trichoderma species are free-living fungi used as biocontrol agents.
Q21. Consider following features (a) Organ system level of organisation (b) Bilateral symmetry (c) True coelomates with segmentation of body Select the correct option of animal groups which possess all the above characteristics
Correct Answer: (a)
True segmentation (metamerism) is present in Annelida, Arthropoda, and Chordata. Mollusca is unsegmented.
Q22. Grass leaves curl inwards during very dry weather. Select the most appropriate reason from the following
Correct Answer: (b)
Bulliform cells become flaccid due to water loss, causing the leaves to curl inwards to minimize water loss.
Q23. Which of the following is a commercial blood cholesterol lowering agent?
Correct Answer: (b)
Statins produced by the yeast *Monascus purpureus* are used as blood cholesterol-lowering agents.
Q24. Concanavalin A is
Correct Answer: (c)
Concanavalin A is a secondary metabolite belonging to the class of Lectins.
Q25. Which of the following muscular disorders is inherited?
Correct Answer: (b)
Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder (X-linked recessive). Tetany (low Ca), Myasthenia (Autoimmune), Botulism (Toxin).
Q26. Due to increasing air-borne allergens and pollutants, many people in urban areas are suffering from respiratory disorder causing wheezing due to
Correct Answer: (b)
Asthma involves inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles.
Q27. In Antirrhinum (Snapdragon), a red flower was crossed with a white flower and in F₁ generation pink flowers were obtained. When pink flowers were selfed, the F₂ generation showed white, red and pink flowers. Choose the incorrect statement from the following :
Correct Answer: (d)
Law of Segregation applies to all sexually reproducing organisms, including incomplete dominance.
Q28. Match the following genes of the Lac operon with their respective products :
Q53. Tidal Volume and Expiratory Reserve Volume of an athlete is 500 mL and 1000 mL, respectively. What will be his Expiratory Capacity if the Residual Volume is 1200 mL?
Q54. Following statements describe the characteristics of the enzyme Restriction Endonuclease. Identify the incorrect statement.
Correct Answer: (b)
Restriction enzymes cut BOTH strands of the DNA helix.
Q55. Which one of the following statements regarding post-fertilization development in flowering plants is incorrect?
Correct Answer: (d)
Ovules develop into seeds, not embryo sacs.
Q56. Cell in G₀ phase :
Correct Answer: (a)
Cells in G0 phase exit the cell cycle (quiescent stage).
Q57. Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in :
(a) Nitrogenous waste build-up in the body
(b) Non-elimination of excess potassium ions
(c) Reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract
(d) Reduced RBC production
Which of the following options is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: (c)
Dialysis removes wastes (so a, b false). It reduces erythropoietin (d true) and can affect Ca absorption (c true).
Q58. Respiratory Quotient (RQ) value of tripalmitin is
Correct Answer: (b)
RQ = CO2 evolved / O2 consumed. For Tripalmitin: 102 CO2 / 145 O2 = 0.7.
Q59. From evolutionary point of view, retention of the female gametophyte with developing young embryo on the parent sporophyte for some time, is first observed in
Correct Answer: (c)
This event (precursor to seed habit) is first observed in Pteridophytes (Heterosporous ones like Selaginella).
Q60. Purines found both in DNA and RNA are
Correct Answer: (b)
Purines are Adenine and Guanine.
Q61. Which of the following statements is correct?
Correct Answer: (d)
Cornea is avascular, collagen-rich, and sensitive.
Q62. Xylem translocates.
Correct Answer: (d)
Xylem transports water, minerals, some organic nitrogen, and hormones.
Q63. Which of the following statements regarding mitochondria is incorrect?
Correct Answer: (b)
ETS enzymes are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, not the outer.
Q64. Select the correct sequence for transport of sperm cells in male reproductive system.
Q65. Thiobacillus is a group of bacteria helpful in carrying out
Correct Answer: (d)
Thiobacillus denitrificans carries out Denitrification (Nitrate to Nitrogen gas).
Q66. Which of the following glucose transporters is insulin-dependent?
Correct Answer: (d)
GLUT IV is insulin-dependent.
Q67. What would be the heart rate of a person if the cardiac output is 5 L, blood volume in the ventricles at the end of diastole is 100 mL and at the end of ventricular systole is 50 mL?
Q76. Consider the following statement : (A) Coenzyme or metal ion that is tightly bound to enzyme protein is called prosthetic group. (B) A complete catalytic active enzyme with its bound prosthetic group is called apoenzyme. Select the correct option.
Correct Answer: (b)
(A) is true. (B) is false because the complete active enzyme is called Holoenzyme; Apoenzyme is only the protein part.
Q77. Which of the following is true for Golden rice?
Correct Answer: (a)
Golden rice is enriched with Vitamin A (beta-carotene) using genes from daffodil.
Q78. What map unit (Centimorgan) is adopted in the construction of genetic maps?
Q79. Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity?
Correct Answer: (c)
Botanical Garden is an Ex-situ conservation method.
Q80. The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called
Correct Answer: (b)
The Earth Summit (Rio Summit) 1992 was called for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilisation of its benefits.
Q81. Which of the following features of genetic code does allow bacteria to produce human insulin by recombinant DNA technology?
Correct Answer: (c)
The universality of the genetic code allows human genes to be expressed in bacteria.
Q82. Extrusion of second polar body from egg nucleus occurs :
Correct Answer: (a)
Meiosis II completes after sperm entry, releasing the 2nd polar body.
Q83. Which of the following contraceptive methods do involve a role of hormone?
Correct Answer: (a)
Lactational amenorrhea (hormonal suppression), Pills, and Emergency contraceptives involve hormones. Barrier/CuT do not.
Q84. Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) refers to :
Correct Answer: (a)
ESTs are genes expressed as RNA.
Q85. In a species, the weight of newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3 kg survive whereas 99% of the infants born with weight from 2 to 2.5 kg or 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place?
Correct Answer: (b)
Selection favors the mean character value (average weight) and eliminates extremes, characteristic of Stabilizing Selection.
Q86. Colostrum the yellowish fluid, secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation is very essential to impart immunity to the new born infants because it contains
Correct Answer: (d)
Colostrum contains Immunoglobulin A (IgA) which imparts passive immunity to the newborn.
Q87. What is the direction of movement of sugars in phloem?
Correct Answer: (d)
Phloem transport is bi-directional (source to sink, which can vary).
Q88. Pinus seed cannot germinate and established without fungal association. This is because :
Correct Answer: (b)
Pinus has an obligate mycorrhizal association.
Q89. Which one of the following equipments is essentially required for growing microbes on a large scale, for industrial production of enzymes?
Correct Answer: (d)
Bioreactors are vessels used for large-scale production of recombinant products using microbes.
Q90. Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?
Correct Answer: (b)
Hyperosmolarity of the medullary interstitium (created by Henle's loop and Vasa recta) enables water reabsorption.
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